社区人群糖尿病健康知识知晓情况调查

目的探讨哈尔滨市社区居民糖尿病(DM)相关知识的知晓情况和需求状况。方法采用多级随机抽样方法,抽取20～74岁本地常住居民2300人为调查对象,应用单因素分析及多因素非条件Logistic逻辑回归方法,分析社区居民的DM健康知识知晓情况,探讨各因素与知晓情况的关系。结果单因素分析显示调查人群两性DM健康知识知晓率差异无显著性(χ2=4.8181,P=0.1856);而年龄越长,DM健康知识全部回答正确率越低(χCMH2=18.7593,P0.0001);答对问题数越多,DM患病率和有DM家族史率也越高(分别为χCMH2=41.0114,P0.0001和χCMH2=24.2751,P0.0001)。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析结果,DM健康知识知晓情况与DM史、DM家族史、高脂血症、家庭人均收入和文化程度均成正相关,而与年龄成负相关关系。结论在该社区要大力加强DM知识的宣传教育工作,根据人群不同年龄、不同生活状况及文化程度和不同健康状况的需求,采取相应对策,确保健康教育效果。

Study on Knowledge Status About Diabetes Mellitus Among Populations in Community

OBJECTIVE To study the knowledge status about diabetes mellitus（DM）among populations in communities of Harbin. METHODS The subjects selected by the multistage sampling were totally 2 300 residents who have lived in Harbin more than 5 years and aged from 20 to 74 years older. Single factor analysis and unconditional Logistic regression model etc. were introduced to study the knowledge status about DM and possible correlated factors to it. RESULTS Single factor analysis revealed that there were no discrepancy found between males and females on knowledge status about DM（χ2= 4.818 1, P=0.185 6）, and the right rate for questions about DM was in an downtrend with aging （χ2CMH= 18.759 3,P0.000 1）, whereas the rates of DM and DM family history were both in an uptrend with the number of question replied rightly （χ2CMH=41.011 4, P0.000 1 and χ2CMH= 24.275 1, P0.000 1） . In addition, multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that DM, family history of DM, hyperlipemia, average revenue and education were in positive correlations to the knowledge status about DM, and age was negatively correlated to it. CONCLUSIONS Health education about DM should be strengthen in communities of Harbin, and different strategies of health promotion should be applied according to the needs of corresponding populations.