重庆市1997年中小学生身体形态与机能发育研究

目的：了解重庆市中小学生生长发育现状和变化特点。方法：对1997年重庆市7－17岁中小学生的生长发育调查资料进行分析，并与本市1990年和全国1995年资料进行对比分析。结果：男生11－15岁，女生9－14岁为生长发育快速增长期；城市学生的生长发育好于乡村学生；男女生的形态发育出现两次交叉，机能发育无交叉。7年间，形态指标的发育在大多数年龄纷呈上升趋势，但均低于全国水平（P＜0．01）。机能发育指标，无论城乡男女，绝大多数年龄组均低于1990年本市水平和1995年全国水平（P＜0．01）。结论：重庆市中小学生形态发育存在长期增长趋势，而机能发育较差。

A status Quo Analysis of Morphological and Functional Development of Primary and Secondary School Students in Chongqing in 1997

Objective:To elucidate the status quo and change characteristics of growth and development of Chongqing primary and secondary school students. Methods: Data on growth and development of students from 7 to 17 years old collected in 1997 in Chongqing were analyzed and were compared with those from the 1990 Chonqing survey and the 1995 national survey. Results: Adolescent growth spurt age was from 11 to 15 years(males) and from 9 to 14 years(females), urban students had better levels of growth and development than rural students. Two across phenomena'were observed in morphological parameters between males and females, but male students were always better than female students in functional parameters. During the Past 7 years, morphological parameters of Chongqing students tended to rise, but they were lower than the results from the 1995 national survey.Functional development levels of Chongqing stuents in 1997 were lower than in 1990, and they were also lower than the national levels in 1995. Conclusions: Secular growth changes were found in morphological parametersamong Chongqing primary and secondary school students, however, their functional development was poor.