湛江市区生活污水有机物和微生物污染调查

目的了解湛江市区酒楼、居民楼和城市污水有机物和微生物污染状况。方法在一年四季中,对4家酒楼、3幢居民住宅楼和4个城市污水排放口污水的水质进行有机物和微生物指标的监测和基本情况调查。结果在酒楼、居民楼和城市污水的监测项目超标率中,粪大肠菌群分别为100%、97.22%、100%,氨氮分别为6.25%、15.28%、22.92%,亚硝酸盐分别为2.08%、1.39%、0。酒楼>100 mg/L耗氧量检出率为1.04%;三类污水的>105个/ml细菌总数检出率分别为96.88%、95.83%、100%。硝酸盐均无超标。肠道致病菌均无检出。城市污水的氨氮超标率明显高于酒楼污水(P<0.01),居民楼污水和酒楼污水的亚硝酸盐超标率差异无显著性(P>0.05)。三类污水的>105个/ml细菌总数检出率、粪大肠菌群超标率两两比较差异均无显著性(P>0.05)。结论市区酒楼、居民楼和城市污水均存在粪大肠菌群的严重污染和氨氮污染,必须加强污水治理。

Survey on Organic and Microbial Pollution of Domestic Sewage in Urban District of Zhanjiang City

Objective To understand the organic chemicals and microbial pollution status of restaurant sewages,residential area sewages and public sewages in urban areas of Zhanjiang. Methods At 4 different seasons in a year,the sewage quality from 4 restaurants,3 residential areas and 4 public sewage outlets were monitored for organic chemical and microbial parameters,and baseline situation survey. Results In the exceed standard rates of monitor parameters from the restaurant sewages,residential area sewages and municipal public sewages showed that fecal coliforms counts were 100%,97.22% and 100%,amino-nitrogen were 6.25%,15.28% and 22.92%,nitrite were 2.08%,1.39% and 0 respectively.The positive detection rate of >100mg/L COD_(Mn) in restaurant public sewages were 1.04%.The levels of nitrate did not exceed the standard.The enteric pathogenic germs were not found from sewages.The unqualified rates of amino-nitrogen in the municipal public sewages were higher than that of the restaurant sewages (P<0.01).There was no significant difference of the unqualified rates of amino-nitrogen between the residential sewages and restaurant sewages.There was no significant difference on the detection rate of >10~5/mL total bacteria counts and the exceeded standard rates of fecal coliforms counts in 3 sewage samples (P>0.05). Conclusion Restaurant sewages,residential sewages and municipal sewages are seriously polluted with fecal coliforms and amino-nitrogen pollution.The sewage water treatment should be trengthened.