孕妇心理状况及其与个性和应对方式的相关性

目的:探讨孕妇心理状况及其与个性和应对方式的相关性,为进一步的医学干预提供依据。方法:采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)及简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)对113例孕中期孕妇的心理状况、个性与应对方式进行调查分析。结果:孕妇SAS及SDS总粗分显著高于全国常模(t=7.057,P=0.000;t=2.381,P=0.019),孕妇焦虑和抑郁的发生率分别为20.4%和27.8%。SAS和SDS总分均与EPQ的精神质(P)和神经质(N)维度呈显著正相关(χ2=0.307,P=0.001;χ2=0.496,P=0.000;χ2=0.416,P=0.000;χ2=0.321,P=0.001),与积极应付方式呈显著负相关(χ2=-0.208,P=0.030;χ2=-0.264,P=0.007)。结论:孕中期孕妇焦虑和抑郁的发生率较高。精神质、神经质的个性特点及应对方式的缺陷与孕妇产生焦虑抑郁情绪密切相关。临床上应在综合分析心理状态及其产生的中介机制的基础上,对伴有焦虑抑郁的孕妇进行有效的心理干预。

Correlation between psychological status and personality,coping styles of pregnant women

Objective:To explore the correlation between psychological status and personality,coping styles of pregnant women,and provide a basis for further medical intervention.Methods:Self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),Self-rating depression scale(SDS),Eysenck personality questionnaire(EPQ),and Simplified coping style questionnaire(SCSQ) were used to investigate and analyze psychological status,personality,and coping styles of 113 pregnant women during the second trimester of pregnancy.Results:The total scores of SAS and SDS in the pregnant women were statistically significantly higher than norm(t=7.057,P=0.000;t=2.381,P=0.019).The incidences of anxiety and depression in the pregnant women were 20.4% and 27.8%,respectively.The total scores of SAS and SDS were positively correlated with psychoticism(P) and neuroticism(N) of EPQ,respectively(χ2=0.307,P=0.001;χ2=0.496,P=0.000;χ2=0.416,P=0.000;χ2=0.321,P=0.001),while the total scores of SAS and SDS were negatively correlated with active coping style,respectively(χ2=-0.208,P=0.030;χ2=-0.264,P=0.007).Conclusion:The incidences of anxiety and depression in the pregnant women during the second trimester of pregnancy were high.Psychoticism,neuroticism,and deficiency of coping styles were closely correlated with anxiety and depression of pregnant women.The pregnant women with anxiety and depression should receive effective psychological intervention on the basis of comprehensively analyzing psychological status of pregnant women and intervening mechanism in clinic.