安徽省汉族女生月经初潮与肥胖度关系的研究

目的:了解安徽省汉族女生月经初潮年龄变化情况及不同经济状况地区月经初潮年龄的差异并进一步分析月经初潮年龄与肥胖度的关系。方法:按照2010年全国中小学生体质调研的相关要求,采用分层随机抽样和随机整群抽样方法对安徽省南、北、中3个地区的城乡7～18岁中小学女生共6 840人进行调查,测量身高、体重、腰围、臀围及腹部、上臂、肩胛下皮褶厚度等指标,并对她们是否有月经初潮进行了问卷调查。结果:安徽省汉族女生半数月经初潮平均年龄为12.44岁,与往年相比呈现提前趋势。城乡女生半数月经初潮平均年龄分别为12.39及12.49岁。体质指数、腰高比及3个部位皮下脂肪厚度等指标的均值来潮组均大于未来潮组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:月经初潮年龄与体脂因素关系密切,呈现负相关;应该提前加强中小学生的性教育及让中小学生加强锻炼、控制饮食,减缓月经初潮年龄提前的长期趋势。

Study on the relationship between menarche and obesity in school girls of Han nationality in Anhui province

Objective:To understand the change of menarche age in school girls of Han nationality in Anhui province and the difference of age of menarche in them from areas with different economic conditions,and further analyze the relationship between menarche age and the degree of obesity.Methods:According to related requirements,stratified random sampling method and cluster random sampling method were used to survey 6 840 primary and middle school girls aged 7-18 years old from urban and rural areas in south,north,and central regions of Anhui province,body height,body weight,waist circumstance,hip circumstance,skin fold thicknesses of abdomen,upper arm,and subscapularis were measured,and a questionnaire was used to survey whether they had menarche.Results:The mean menarche age of half of the school girls was 12.44 years,showing a younger trend compared the data in the other years.The mean menarche ages of urban and rural girls were 12.39 and 12.49 years,respectively.The mean values of body mass index,body high-waist ratio,and skin fold thicknesses in menstruation group were higher than those in non-menstruation group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The age of menarche is closely related to body lipids,showing a negative correlation;to slow down the younger trend of menarche age,sex education among primary and middle school children should be enhanced,and they should strengthen training and control diet.