广东省公众结核病防治知识知晓情况调查

目的 了解广东省大众结核病防治知识知晓率情况，为有效开展结核病健康促进工作提供科学依据。 方法 采用分层整群等比例随机抽样方法，全省共抽取49 514名调查对象，采用结核病防治知识调查问卷进行面对面调查。调查共发放调查问卷49 514份，收回合格问卷49 514份，合格率100%。 结果 调查人群结核病防治知识的总知晓率为78.4%（194 183/247 570），其中60岁以上人群知晓率偏低［67.5%（32 265/47 765）］。户籍人口总知晓率为80.8%（166 838/206 505），明显高于流动人口的66.6%（27 345/41 065），差异有统计学意义（Z=63.96，P<0.01）。调查对象对结核病的症状和结核病能否治愈知晓率较高，分别为82.6%（40 904/49 514）和83.6%（41 369/49 514）。有28.9%（14 298/49 514）的调查对象表示怀疑得了结核病后不知前往何处检查。 结论 广东省公众结核病防治知识知晓率较高，但今后应采取更多综合的健康促进措施进一步提高公众结核病防治知晓。

Analysis of public awareness rate of tuberculosis control and prevention in Guangdong province

Objective To understand the public awareness of tuberculosis (TB) control and prevention in Guangdong province and to provide scientific evidence for effective TB health promotion. Methods 49 514 people were selected through a proportional stratified cluster random sampling method, and they were interviewed face to face with a standard questionnaire. 49 514 questionnaires were collected and the qualified rate was 100%. Results The public total awareness rate to key messages on TB prevention and control was 78.4% (194 183/247 570). The group of aged over 60 years old had lower awareness rate (67.5%, 32 265/47 765). The total awareness rate of the local residents was 80.8% (166 838/206 505）, which was significantly higher than the floating population (Z=63.96，P<0.05). The majority of the study subjects knew that pulmonary TB, with cough as main symptom, was an infectious disease as a major threat to health and impeding human productivity but curable. By contrast, 28.9% people did not know about TB control institutes which providing professional TB services. Conclusion The public awareness rate of TB knowledge in Guangdong province is relatively high. New policies for health promotion should be developed and more comprehensive activities should be carried out in the future to improve the public awareness of TB.