广州市番禺区肺结核流行现状调查分析

目的 了解广州市番禺区结核病流行现状，为更好地制订番禺区结核病控制策略提供依据。 方法 采用典型抽样法，现场调查点选番禺区东环街、石楼镇，采取入户调查的方法，对两个调查点的全部常住人口（共调查86 212名）进行基线调查，分析肺结核的流行现状。 结果 （1）经筛查，在86 212名常住人口中发现活动性肺结核患者89例，其中涂阳33例，新发涂阳29例。（2）活动性肺结核患病率为103.23/10万，涂阳患病率为38.28/10万。（3）疫情特点为男性与女性患病率接近，男性活动性肺结核患病率为123.11/10万，女性为85.53/10万，差异无统计学意义（χ²=2.942，P=0.086）；发病年龄集中在中青年人群，25～<35岁组活动性肺结核29例（32.58%）；活动性肺结核患病率城镇（142.06/10万）与农村（94.26/10万）比较差异无统计学意义（χ²=2.914，P=0.088），但涂阳患病率城镇（67.94/10万）高于农村（31.42/10万）（χ²=4.585，P=0.032）。 结论 番禺区结核病疫情依然严峻，应继续加强结核病控制工作；青壮年劳动力人群仍然是今后结核病防治工作的重点人群。

A study on tuberculosis epidemic status in Panyu district of Guangzhou

Objective To explore the tuberculosis epidemic status in Panyu district of Guangdong province in order to provide evidence for tuberculosis control strategies development. Methods By using household clue method, a survey was conducted in all resident population of Donghuan street and Shilou township in Panyu district, 86 212 persons were investigated. The tuberculosis epidemic status was analyzed. Results (1)There were 89 active pulmonary tuberculosis cases among 86 212 persons investigated, among whom 33 smear positive cases and 29 new smear positive cases. (2) The prevalence rate of active pulmonary tuberculosis and smear positive tuberculosis were 103.23/100 000 and 38.28/100 000 respectively, with no significant difference of that with the 5th tuberculosis epidemiological sampling survey of Guangdong province. (3) The prevalence of active pulmonary tuberculosis in male and female were 123.11/100 000 and 85.53/100 000 respectively, there was no statistical significance. The prevalence was higher in young and middle-aged people, and the prevalence of smear positive was higher in urban area with 67.94/100 000 than rural area（χ²=4.585，P=0.032）, although there was no significant difference of the prevalence rate of active pulmonary tuberculosis （142.06/100 000 and 94.26/100 000）. Conclusion Panyu district still have high tuberculosis burden. National tuberculosis control strategy should be implemented thoroughly. The young people are still the key population in tuberculosis control in future.