腹腔镜胆囊切除即刻中转开腹的原因及预防

目的探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)中即刻中转开腹的术前、术中预防的措施.方法回顾性分析我院568例LC术中即刻中转开腹27例的中转开腹原因、操作方法和疗效.结果即刻中转开腹的原因有:胆囊与周围组织粘连紧密(1.4%)、胆囊严重急性炎症(0.9%)、Calot三角"冰冻样"粘连(0.9%)、大结石嵌顿于胆囊管近端(0.5%)、胆囊管畸形(0.4%)、脐下第一穿刺孔周围广泛粘连(0.4%)、胆囊窝出血不止(0.2%).中轻开腹手术无一例死亡,无术中、术后并发症.结论术前和术中采取预防措施可减少即刻中转开腹.

Precaution against immediate conversions to open surgery during laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Objective To investigate pre-and intra-operative preventive measures against immediate conversions to open surgery during laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC).Methods We retrospectively reviewed 568 cases of LC,27 of which underwent an immediate conversion to open surgery.Causes of conversions,surgical techniques,and curative outcomes were analyzed.Results Causes of immediate conversions included: severe adhesion between the gallbladder and neighboring tissues(1.4%),severe acute cholecystitis(1.1%),freezing adhesion in the Calot triangle(0.9%),large stone obstruction proximal to the gallbladder(0.5%),abnormal anatomy of the cystic duct(0.4%),extensive adhesion around the umbilical port(0.4%),and uncontrollable hemorrhage of the gallbladder bed(0.2%).No fatal cases or intra-and post-operative complications were observed.Conclusions Preventive measures should be taken before and during laparoscopic cholecystectomy to minimize the possibility of immediate conversions to open surgery.