英德市农村居民慢性病相关危险因素流行病学调查

目的 了解英德市农村居民慢性病相关危险因素,为开展农村基本公共卫生服务提供科学依据.方法 采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法抽取4个镇16个村,对1014名15～69岁农村居民进行问卷调查和体格测量,使用Epidata 3.0建立数据库,SPSS 17.0软件统计分析.结果 超重、肥胖、向心性肥胖、高血压粗患病率分别为18.71%、3.56%、22.77%和27.12% 现在吸烟率和饮酒率分别为31.85%和36.98%.居民休闲锻炼性活动占15.88%,静坐活动平均时间为5.30 h/d 规律早餐的占91.33%,每天摄入鱼类、禽肉类、奶类、薯类和杂粮的频率均明显不足.Logistic回归分析,超重、向心性肥胖、高血压均与年龄呈正相关,高盐饮食、饮酒和肥胖等是致高血压的主要危险因素,休闲锻炼活动是防止超重、向心性肥胖、高血压的保护因素.结论 英德市农村居民存在膳食结构不合理和不良饮食习惯,现在吸烟率和饮酒率较高,缺乏规律锻炼等不良生活方式,高血压、肥胖症等慢性病患病率偏高,应加大农村居民慢性病健康教育与相关危险因素的干预.

Epidemic survey on chronic disease and interrelated risk factor among rural inhabitant in Yingde

Objective To learn about the epidemiological distribution of chronic disease and interrelated risk factor among rural inhabitant in Yingde and to provider basis for rural public healthy service. Methods By using multi - stage cluster random samphng, 1014 subjects from 4 towns and 16 village aged among 15 -69 years old were surveyed with questionnaire survey and physical check up. Results The crude prevalence rate of overweight, obesity, central obesity, hypertension was 18.71% ,3.56% ,22.77 % ,27.12% respectively. The rate of current smoking and drinking was 31.85 % and 36.98%. 15.88% of/＇ural inhabitant have recreation physical activity and the average time of static activity was 5.30 h/d. Inhabitant of having breakfast regularly accounted for 91.33%. Showing by logistic regression analysis： age was related positively to overweight, central obesity and hypertension. High salinity diet, drinking and obesity are the main risk factors to hypertension. Physical activity was the protective factor. Conclusion There are some unhealthy life style, such as unreasonable dietary pattern, unhealthy food habits, higher rate of smoking and drinking, less physical activity among the rural inhabitant in Yingde. The prevalence rate of hypertension, overweight and current smoking of rural inhabitant was high in Yingde. Public health education and intervening measures should be conduced to rural inhabitant.