Reflux profile of Chinese gastroesophageal reflux disease patients with combined multichannel intraluminal impedance-pH monitoring

Background and Aims:  To investigate the reflux profile of Chinese gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) patients with the aid of combined multichannel intraluminal impedance-pH (MII-pH) monitoring technique.
Methods:  Consecutive patients presented with GERD symptoms were enrolled to erosive esophagitis (EE) group, non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) group and functional heartburn (FH) group after upper endoscopy, combined MII-pH monitoring and rabeprazole test. Another 20 healthy controls (HC) were recruited.
Results:  Sixty-four GERD patients (EE:20, NERD:22, FH:22, HC:20) were enrolled. There were more episodes of liquid reflux and proximal reflux in EE and NERD groups than that in FH and HC groups ( P  < 0.05). Patients in FH and HC groups had higher proportion of mixed reflux ( P  = 0.000). The percentage of acid reflux in EE and NERD was much higher, while there was a higher percentage of weakly acidic reflux in FH and HC ( P  = 0.000). No significant difference was found in MII-pH parameters between groups with and without response to rabeprazole test except recumbent percentage time of esophageal pH value below 4 and episodes of proximal reflux.
Conclusion:  Erosive esophagitis and NERD patients had more liquid and proximal reflux episodes than FH patients and healthy controls. Acid and liquid reflux was predominant in the former two groups, while weakly acidic and mixed reflux was predominant in the latter two groups.