2010-2011年浙江省衢州市手足口病重症病例临床特征和流行病学分析

目的 分析浙江省衢州市2010-2011年手足口病重症病例临床资料和流行特征,以期为重症病例制定合理、有效的防控策略。 方法 对重症病例进行个案调查并建立数据库,进行回顾性分析。 结果 2010年重症病例病情重于2011年,表现在发热、发病-就诊时间、精神差、肢体抖动、脑膜刺激征、WBC升高发生率、平均住院时间等,与2011年相比差异均有统计学意义;流行病学特征无明显差异,分布均以农村为主;男性儿童患病较多,以5岁儿童为主,尤其是1~2岁组儿童;以散居儿童和幼托儿童为主;发病高峰是4-7月。 结论 衢州市重症病例感染的病原体仍以EV71为主。通过加强对重点地区人群手足口病防治知识的健康教育,尤其是婴幼儿监护人;大力开展爱国卫生运动,整治周边环境;加强疫情监测;做好患者救治工作,能有效降低重症病例的发生率和死亡率。

Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of severe cases of hand,foot and mouth disease in Quzhou,Zhejiang,2010-2011

Objective To analyze the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of severe cases of hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD) in Quzhou during 2010-2011 and provide evidence for the prevention and control of severe HFMD.Methods Retrospective analysis was conducted on the incidence data of severe HFMD cases during this period.Results The severity of the cases in 2010 was more critical than in 2011 mainly differed in their body temperature,interval between onset and medical care seeking,fatigue,limbs buffeting and meningeal irritation sign degree as well as high WBC rare,the difference had statistical significance.The difference on epidemiological characteristics had no statistical significance.The cases were mainly distributed in rural area,and most cases were boys aged ≤5 years(age group 1-2 years) in and outside child care settings.The incidence peak of severe HFMD was during April-July.Conclusion EV71 was still the predominant pathogen of HFMD in Quzhou.The incidence of severe HFMD and case fatality could be effectively reduced by strengthening health education in risk population,improving environment sanitation,active disease surveillance and timely treatment of the patients.