2008-2011年湖北省宜昌市手足口病的流行特征分析

目的 了解湖北省宜昌市手足口病的流行特征, 为手足口病的综合防治提供科学依据。 方法 收集2008-2011年宜昌市包括各县(市、区)报告的手足口病疫情病例和聚集性病例的相关标本, 采用荧光定量RT-PCR方法进行检测。 结果 在473份标本中, 男女性别比为1.26:1,手足口病发病高峰在春末和夏初;疱疹液的阳性检出率高于咽拭子(2=8.026,P0.01)和口漱液(2=12.67,P0.01);共检测到肠道通用病毒阳性标本298份, 总检出率为73%,其中肠道病毒71型(EV71)阳性标本191 份,柯萨奇病毒A组16型(Cox A16)阳性标本78份,其他肠道病毒为29份,EV71的检出率高于Cox A16(2=86.517,P0.01)和其他肠道病毒(2=189.089,P0.01)。 结论 宜昌市手足口病的病原体主要是EV71(64.1%)和Cox A16(26.2%), 随不同年份优势毒株稍有差异,EV71是引起宜昌市2008-2011年手足口病病例的主要优势毒株类型。

Etiology of hand,foot and mouth disease in Yichang,Hubei,2008-2011

Objective To investigate the etiological characteristics of hand,foot and mouth disease(H FMD) in Yichang and provide evidence for the prevention and control of HFMD.Methods Real-time quantitative RT-PCR was conducted to detect the clinical samples collected from reported cases of HFMD in Yichang during 2008-2011.ResultsThe clinical samples were collected from 473 patients(the male and female ratio of the patients: 1.26: 1).The incidence peak of HFMD was in late spring and early summer.The positive detection rate of herpes liquid was higher than those of throat swabs(χ2=8.026,P<0.01) and mouth washing water(χ2=12.67,P<0.01).Totally 298 strains of enteric virus were detected(73%),including 191 EV71 strains,78 strains of Cox A16 and 29 strains of other enteric viruses.The detection rate of EV71 was higher than those of Cox A16(χ2=86.517,P<0.01) and other enteric viruses(χ2=189.089,P<0.01).Conclusion The predominant pathogen of HFMD was EV71(64.1%),followed by Cox A16(26.2%) in Yichang during 2008-2011.