1991-2010年内蒙古自治区乙型病毒性肝炎流行病学特征分析

目的 了解内蒙古自治区(内蒙古)近20年乙型病毒性肝炎(乙肝)的流行特征,科学评价乙肝流行状况,为今后乙肝防治工作提供参考依据。 方法 应用Excel软件对历年内蒙古乙肝疫情资料进行统计分析。 结果 1995年后乙肝报告发病率呈逐年上升趋势,2008年开始呈现下降趋势,年均发病率为79.41/10万,最高发病率为140.58/10万;散发为主;发病无明显季节性和地域性;男性发病多于女性;以农民发病最多;15~54岁组的发病人数最多,占81.52%;0~4岁组发病呈逐年下降趋势。 结论 乙肝疫苗接种率的提高,对15岁以下人群乙肝发病率的降低起了重要作用,应进一步研究对流动人口和成年人接种乙肝疫苗的策略,提高住院分娩率和阻断HBV的母婴传播。

Epidemiology of hepatitis B in Inner Mongolia autonomous region,1991-2010

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B,evaluate the incidence of hepatitis B in Inner Mongolia from1991 to 2010 and provide evidence for the prevention and control of hepatitis B.Methods Statistical analysis was conducted on the incidence data of hepatitis B in Inner Mongolia during this period with Excel software.Results The incidence of hepatitis B began to increase year by year after 1995 and began to decline in 2008.The average annual incidence was 79.41/lakh and the highest incidence was 140.58/lakh.The disease mainly occurred sporadically without obvious seasonality and regionality.More cases occurred in males than in females.The cases in farmers accounted for the highest proportion,and the case number in people aged 15-54 years was highest,accounting for 81.52%.The incidence in age group of 0-4 years declined with year.Conclusion The increase of hepatitis B vaccination coverage had facilitated the reduction of the incidence of hepatitis B in people aged <15 years.It is necessary to conduct further study on hepatitis B vaccination strategy in floating population and in adults,increase hospitalized child birth rate and block mother to child transmission of HBV.