临床-弥散加权成像不匹配在急性大脑中动脉闭塞患者动脉溶栓中的应用

目的 研究临床-弥散加权不匹配(clinical-diffusion mismatch,CDM)机制在急性大脑中动脉闭塞(middle cerebral artery occlusion,MCAO)患者动脉溶栓治疗中的作用,分析CDM机制预测缺血半暗带的可行性.方法 选择发病在6h内经磁共振血管成像(magnetic resonance angiography,MRA)检查证实为MCAO的急性脑梗死患者106例,其中动脉溶栓组36例,常规治疗组70例,依据CDM定义:美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表评分(NIHSS)≥8分,弥散加权成像(DWI)病灶体积≤25 ml,再将两组各分为CDM亚组和非CDM亚组,对各亚组发病14 d后T2加权成像(T2weighted imaging,T2WI)梗死体积、30 d及3个月NIHSS评分进行对比观察.结果 动脉溶栓组中,CDM亚组(n=15) NIHSS评分在病程30 d、3个月均低于非CDM亚组(n=21,3.20±2.40与6.76±4.00,t=-3.330,P=0.002;2.20±1.70与6.05±4.06,t=3.895,P=0.001)；非动脉溶栓组中,CDM亚组(n=23) NIHSS评分在病程30 d、3个月与非CDM亚组(n=47)比较差异均无统计学意义(5.22±2.95与5.66±3.21,t=- 1.756,P =0.084;4.34±2.53与5.34±3.42,t=1.234,P=0.353)；虽然存在CDM,接受溶栓者与不接受溶栓者的NIHSS评分在30 d、3个月差异均有统计学意义(3.20±2.40与5.22±2.95,t=-2.210,P=0.034;2.20±1.70与4.34 ±2.53,t=-3.128,P=0.003),反之,不符合CDM的患者接受与不接受溶栓治疗,NIHSS评分在30 d与3个月时差异均无统计学意义.入院14d后CDM患者中溶栓组T2WI显示的梗死体积明显小于非溶栓组(6.29±4.41) ml与(60.25±49.23) ml,Z=-4.848,P=0.001].结论 CDM机制对于确定急性MCAO脑梗死缺血半暗带的存在有一定意义,对指导急性MCAO脑梗死的动脉溶栓治疗可能有一定价值.

Evaluation of clinical-diffusion mismatch in intra-arterial thrombolysis treatment for acute middle cerebral artery occlusion

Objective To evaluate the function of clinical-diffusion mismatch (CDM) in intraarterial thrombolysis treatment for acute middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and to evaluate specialty of CDM in predicting the putative penumbra.Methods All 106 acute MCAO patients within 6 hours after onset and examined by magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) were assigned into two groups:the intraartery thrombolysis group (n =36) and without thrombolysis group ( n =70).Both groups were subdivided into CDM sub-group and non-CDM sub-group based on the criteria of CDM:National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score ≥8 and ischemic volume on DWI ≤25 ml upon admission.NIHSS scores at the day 30 and 3 month after onset,and infarct volumes on T2 weighted imaging (T2 WI)at day 14 after onset were analyzed and compared between each sub-groups.Results The NIHSS scores in the CDM sub-group at both day 30 and the 3 month were significantly lower than the scores in the non-CDM sub-group among the patients having thrombolysis(3.20 ± 2.40 vs 6.76 ± 4.00,t =- 3.330,P =0.002 ; 2.20 ± 1.70 vs 6.05 ± 4.06,t =3.895,P =0.001 ),but not among the non-thrombolysis patients (5.22 ± 2.95 vs 5.66 ± 3.21,t =- 1.756,P =0.084 ;4.34 ± 2.53 vs 5.34 ± 3.42,t =1.234,P =0.353 ).Among the patients having CDM,the thrombolysis group resulted significant lower NIHSS scores at both day 30 and 3 month follow-up than non-thrombolysis group did (3.20 ±2.40 vs 5.22 ±2.95,t =- 2.210,P =0.034;2.20 ± 1.70 vs 4.34 ± 2.53,t =-3.128,P =0.003 ).However,among the patients of non-CDM,there was no difference in the NIHSS score between the thrombolysis group and the non-thrombolysis group at day 30 and 3 month (6.76±4.00 vs 5.66±3.21,t=1.209,P=0.231;6.05 ± 4.06 vs 5.34 ± 3.42,t =1.234,P=0.460).Among the CDM patients,the T2 WI infarct volume in the thrombolysis group was significantly smaller than that in the non-thrombolysis at day 14 onset ( ( 6.29 ± 4.41 ) ml vs ( 60.25 ± 49.23 ) ml,Z =- 4.848,P =0.001 ).Conclusion CDM may predict the putative penumbra with high specificity and can be applied in the therapy of intra-artery thrombolytic for acute MCAO patients.