海口市地区过敏性疾病皮肤点刺变应原实验分析

目的:探讨海口市过敏性疾病变应原特点,为过敏性疾病防治提供科学依据。方法:吸入组变应原有:粉尘螨、组胺、户尘螨、蟑螂、狗毛/狗上皮、猫毛/猫上皮、艾蒿花粉、玉米花粉、侓草花粉、酵母菌、青霉菌;食入组变应原有:鸡蛋清、鸡蛋黄、大豆、牛肉、牛奶、扇贝、带鱼、海蟹、海虾、花生、苹果、芒果、香蕉等共23种。采用我武生物科技有限公司开发的变应原试液,点刺部位选择双手前臂屈侧皮肤,采用生理盐水点刺作阴性对照,以10g/L二盐酸组胺皮肤点刺作阳性对照。结果:98例接受变应原检测呈阳性反应的83例,阳性率为84.7%。吸入组荨麻疹、湿疹两种疾病变应原检出率前3位分别:粉尘螨37(52.1%)、34(47.9%),户尘螨37(53.6%)、32(46.4%),蟑螂24(38.7%)、38(61.3%);食入组荨麻症、湿疹两种疾病变应原检出率前3位分别:牛肉48(70.6%)、20(29.4%),海蟹37(67.3%)、18(32.7%),海虾57(75.0%)、19(25.0%)。结论:海口市过敏性疾病对多种变应原有阳性反应,以粉尘螨、户尘螨、蟑螂、海蟹、海虾、牛肉、等多见,阳性反应率逐年增多趋势,避免或清除变应原的接触,对过敏性疾病的防治有重要意义。

Analysis of suspected allergens for allergic diseases in Haikou

Objective：To investigate the allergen distribution in Haikou for a better allergic disease prevention and treatment.Methods：The inhalation allergens are dust mites,histamine,house dust mites,cockroach,dog hair /dog epithelium,cat hair /cat epithelium,mugwort pollen,corn pollen,Saccharomyces,Penicillium chrysogenum;food allergens are egg white,egg yolk,soy,beef,milk,scallops,octopus,crab,shrimp,peanut,apple,mango,banana etc.（23 all together）.A small amount of the allergen solution（Wolwo Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.Shanghai）was pricked into flexor aspect of both forearms to induce allergic reactions,while normal saline and histamine dihydrochloride（10 g/L）were used for negative and positive control separately.Results：Out of the 98 participants,83（84.7%）were tested as positive.Main allergens for urticaria and eczema were beef in 48 cases（70.6%）,sea crab in 37 cases（67.3%）,shrimp in 57 cases（75.0%）.Conclusions：Allergens responsible for allergic diseases in Haikou are mainly consisted of mites,dust mites,histamine,house dust mites,cockroach,sea crab,shrimp and beef.Avoid contacting with these allergens can prevent allergic diseases.