股骨近端主压力骨小梁生物力学特性

目的股骨头坏死是一种常见病,导致其发病的原因有很多,其中股骨颈骨折后股骨头坏死的原因尚不清楚,机制不明,由于其局部解剖结构特殊,根据其内部结构特点,对骨小梁结构进行研究,为解释股骨颈骨折后股骨头坏死的发生原因提供实验依据。方法对正常中国人(45～60岁)尸体股骨近端主压力骨小梁系统从上到下分成3个区,分别在Endura TEC ELF3200生物力学材料动态力学性能测试系统上,从主压力骨小梁方向及与其垂直方向上进行拉伸、压缩性能实验研究。结果得出了股骨近端主压力骨小梁系统3个区在主压力骨小梁系统方向及与其垂直方向的压缩、拉伸屈服强度、极限强度、弹性模量等测试指标的实验结果。从上到下3个区的弹性模量等生物力学性能依次递增,主压力方向的压缩生物力学性能要明显高于拉伸生物力学性能,并且生物力学性能在主压力系统方向及与其垂直方向有明显差异。结论股骨近端主压力骨小梁的主要力学性能是承受压应力,并且具有明显的各向异性。

Biomechanical properties of principle compressive trabecular bone in proximal femur

Objective To investigate the biomechanical properties of principle compressive trabecular bone in proximal femur, and provide experimental evidences for clinical treatment. Methods The trabecular system of normal people(45 - 60 years old) were divided into 3 areas from top to bottom, and the biomechanical properties of the principle compressive trabecular bone in normal proximal femur were measured by BOSE Endura TEC ELF 3200. Results The ultimate tensile and compressive strength, yield tensile and compressive strength, and elastic modulus of principle compressive trabecular bone in proximal femur were obtained in the superior, middle and inferior part. Biomechanical properties of principle compressive trabecular bone increased progressively from the superior part to the inferior part, the compressive biomechanical properties were significantly higher than tensile biomechanical properties, the biomechanical properties in the direction of principle compressive trabecular bone was significantly higher than that in the vertical direction. Conclusion It is demonstrated that the major function of principle compressive trabecular bone in proximal femur is loading compressive stress, and it is obviously anisotropic.