心肌致密化不全的超声心动图及临床特点分析

目的探讨心肌致密化不全的超声心动图及临床特点。方法选取20例心肌致密化不全患者,其中男性14例,女性6例;年龄3.5~81.0岁,平均年龄48.6岁。对其临床特点、心电图及超声心动图检查进行分析。结果临床症状以心慌、胸闷、气短等多见,占80%;1例出现偏瘫,2例合并先天性心脏病。90%伴有不同程度的心力衰竭。所有患者心电图出现异常,以心律失常多见(60%)。超声心动图检查所有患者均可探及纵横交错排列的肌小梁和大小不等深陷的小梁隐窝;非致密化心肌的厚度与致密化心肌的厚度比值(N/C)>2;彩色血流可见隐窝内血流与左心室相通。结论心肌致密化不全患者无特异临床表现及心电图改变,主要表现为反复发作的、进行性加重的心力衰竭和心律失常,栓塞事件少见。超声心动图可以显示该病的心肌结构,是该病的首选检查。

Analysis of echocardiography and clinical characteristics of noncompaction in ventricular myocardium

Objective To explore the echocardiography and clinical characteristics of noncompaction of ventricular myocardium(NVM).Methods A total of 20 NVM patients were enrolled,male 14 and female 6,mean age 48.6 years old(range 3.5-81.0 years old).The clinical characteristics,electrocardiogram(ECG) and echocardiography characteristics were analyzed.Results The most common clinical symptoms of NVM(about 80 % of patients) were palpitation,chest tightness and shortness of breathe.Meanwhile 1 patient had hemiplegia and 2 combined with congenital cardiopathy,and 90 % of patients had different levels of heart failure.The ECG of all patients was abnormal,60 % of which showed arrhythmia.The crossed myocardial trabeculae and deep trabecular recesses of various size were detected by ECG.The thickness ratio of noncompacted myocardium and compacted myocardium(N/C) was > 2,and the color Doppler showed blood flow communication between trabeculae and left ventricle.Conclusion It is demonstrated that there are no specific clinical symptoms and ECG change in NVM patient.The most common symptoms are recurrent and chronic progressive heart failure and arrhythmia with rare embolism.The ECG could show myocardial structure clearly,so it is the first choice for NVM diagnosis.