骨科严重创伤动物模型的实验研究

目的研究制作双侧股骨干骨折合并失血性休克的动物模型的方法,了解其全身情况改变,为此类创伤治疗的研究提供模型支持。方法将24只新西兰大白兔随机分为实验组和对照组,每组12只。两组动物均行一侧颈动脉插管后,实验组动物制作双侧股骨干骨折合并失血性休克,并进行复苏治疗;对照组不进行其他干预。动物在复苏后36 h处死,比较两组动物模型成功情况,复苏后生命体征变化情况,包括平均动脉压、呼吸频率、心率,炎性因子浓度以及主要器官（肺、肝、肾、心）组织学表现情况。结果在模型制作过程中,对照组模型失败1只,实验组3只;较对照组相比,实验组动物复苏后平均动脉压、呼吸频率、心率均有所降低;实验组动物复苏后血液中白细胞介素-6,白细胞介素-10,肿瘤坏死因子-α,三种炎性因子浓度均出现不不同程度的升高（P〈0.05）。9只成功的实验组动物中,8只出现了组织学分析的轻度异常情况,肺脏有4只、肝脏2只、心脏和肾脏各1只;在对照组11只成功的动物中肺脏和肾脏各1只出现组织学分析轻度异常情况。两组在出现组织学异常的比率上有统计学差异（P〉0.05）。结论该动物模型造成了动物在生命体征、炎性反应及脏器组织学表现上的较显著变化,具有标准化、稳定和可重复性的特点,可为相关的研究提供可靠的模型支持。

The Experimental Study on Severe Trauma Animal Model

Objective To study a animal model of bilateral femoral fracture with shock,and explore the system change of the animals. Methods Twenty-four male New Zealand white rabbits were divided into two groups,study group and control group. All the animals were placed a carotid artery catheter. Instudy group, a model of bilateral femoral shaft fractures associated with shock was made and resuscitation was followed one hour later ,animals in con-trol group were not given an intervention. All the animals were killed 36 hours after resuscitation for histological eval-uation. To compare the number of model completion,the changes of the mean arterial pressures （MAP）,respiratory rate （RR）, heart rate （HR） ,inflammatory mediators （IL-6, IL-10, TNF-ρ） concentration, and histological appearance of main organs between the two groups. Results During the model procedure,there were 1 and 3 models failed to complete in control group and study group respectively. A decreased MAP,RR and HR were found after the resuscita-tion in study group compared with control group, （P〈0.05）. While the plasma concentrations of IL-6,IL-10 and TNF-ρ all presented a increase in study group compared with the control group （P〈0. 05）. The number of abnormal histological appearances were 4 lungs, 2 liver, 1 kidney and 1 heart in study group ,and there werel lungs and 1 kidney in control groups. There were significant difference as far as the abnormal ratio were concerned （P〈0.01）. Conclu-sion In this animal model,the vital signs,inflammatory response and histological appearances of organs experience a significant changes, and the model can reliable contented the related research with standardized, stable and repro-ducibility.