13～15岁内蒙青少年胸段椎旁大血管与胸椎的位置关系

目的 探讨正常13～15岁青少年主动脉，上、下腔静脉与椎体之间的解剖空间关系，为其前路或后路手术方式提供依据。 方法 收集内蒙古地区63例13～15岁青少年正常胸腰CT资料，其中13岁15例，14岁21例，15岁27例。将连续扫描的胸腰椎断层影像原始数据以DICOM格式导入Mimics 16.0软件分析与测量，以左侧横突末端与棘突末端焦点确定为原心O点，测量主动脉距原点O的距离（AO）、主动脉-椎体角（α）、上腔静脉距原点O的距离（V₁O）、上腔静脉-椎体角（β）、下腔静脉距原点O的距离（V₂O）、下腔静脉 椎体角（θ）。 结果 AO, α：13岁（52.16±3.21）mm，（1.89±0.47）°；14岁（52.63±2.28）mm，（-1.91±0.97）°；15岁（57.57±3.52）mm，（-2.47±0.66）°；Ⅴ₁O，β：13岁（66.71±5.82）mm，（-5.14±1.42）°；14岁（77.01±2.89）mm，（-11.18±2.64）°；15岁（78.54±0.70）mm，（-20.61±2.05）°；Ⅴ₂O,θ：13岁（62.69±5.66）mm，（-23.85±1.92）°；14岁（65.71±5.39）mm，（-18.46±2.77）°；15岁（75.98±8.49）mm，（-18.58±2.09）°, 不同椎体之间大血管与椎体间距和角度差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 掌握不同椎体之间大血管与椎体之间距离和角度，有助于降低脊柱置钉过程中血管损伤的发生率。

Relationship between thoracic paravertebral great vessels and vertebrae in adolescents of 13-15 years in Inner Mongolia

Objective To explore the anatomical spatial relationship between aorta, superior and inferior vena cava and vertebral body in normal 13-15-year-old adolescents, and to provide evidence for anterior or posterior approach of operation on adolescent. Methods The normal thoracolumbar CT data of 63 13-15-year-old adolescents in Inner Mongolia were collected, including 15 cases of 13-year-old, 21 cases of 14-year-old and 27 cases of 15-year-old. The serial scanning data of thoracolumbar spine tomography were imported into Mimics16.0 for analysis and measurement in DICOM format. The focus of left transverse process and spinous process was determined as the original O point. Measuring the distance of aorta from origin O (AO), the aortic-vertebral angle(α),the distance of the superior vena cava from the origin O(V₁O), the superior vena cava-vertebra body angle(β), the distance of the inferior vena cava from the origin O(V₂O), the inferior vena cava vertebra angle(θ). Results AO,α：13-year-old（52.16±3.21）mm，（1.89±0.47）°；14-year-old（52.63±2.28）mm，（-1.91±0.97）°；15-year-old（57.57±3.52）mm，（-2.47±0.66）°；V₁O，β：13-year-old（66.71±5.82）mm，（-5.14±1.42）°；14-year-old（77.01±2.89）mm，（-11.18±2.64）°；15.year.old（78.54±0.70）mm，（-20.61±2.05）°；V₂O,θ：13-year-old（62.69±5.66）mm，（-23.85±1.92）°；14-year-old（65.71±5.39）mm，（-18.46±2.77）°；15-year-old（75.98±8.49）mm，（-18.58±2.09）°,There was significant difference in the distance and angle between large vessels and vertebral bodies between different vertebrae(P<0.05). Conclusion Mastering the distance and angle between large vessels and vertebral bodies is helpful to reduce the incidence of vascular injury in the process of spinal nailing.