钼对大鼠致畸和致突变作用的研究

背景与目的:研究钼对大鼠胚胎的致畸和致突变作用.材料与方法:105只妊娠Wistar大鼠,用75只进行致畸试验,30只进行微核试验,各试验随机分为5组,试验组分别给予10、20和40 mg/kg的钼酸铵,阴性对照组给予生理盐水,阳性对照组给予20mg/kg的环磷酰胺.致畸试验于孕20 d用传统胚胎致畸试验测定钼对大鼠的致畸作用,致突变试验于孕14 d用胚胎转移微核试验测定钼对大鼠的致突变作用.结果:与阴性对照组相比,40 mg/kg组和阳性对照组孕鼠增重、活胎率、胎鼠体重降低(P＜0.01);母鼠骨髓细胞的微核率、胎鼠肝血细胞和胎鼠外周血细胞的微核率、骨骼畸形率和内脏畸形率升高(P＜0.01),胎鼠的体长、尾长缩短(P＜0.05),外部畸形率增加(P＜0.05);20 mg/kg组活胎率降低(P＜0.05),胎鼠肝血细胞和外周血细胞的微核率、外部畸形率和骨骼畸形率升高(P＜0.05);10 mg/kg组胎鼠外部畸形率升高(P＜0.05).结论:钼酸铵在20～40 mg/kg剂量范围内对大鼠胚胎可产生致畸和致突变作用.

Teratogenicity and Mutagenicity of Molybdenum on Rats

BACKGROUND & AIM :To study the teratogenicity and mutagenicity of molybdenum in pregnancy rats.MATERIALS AND METHODS:105 pregnant Wistar rats,75 for teratogenicity test,30 for micronucleus test,were randomly divided into 5 groups.The rats in experimental groups were treated with 10,20 and 40 mg/kg molybdenum acid ammonium salts,in negative control group received normal saline and in positive group was given 20 mg/kg cyclophosphamide.Teratogenicity test was scheduled at day 20 of the pregnancy,and micronucleus test at day 14.RESULTS:Compared with negative control group,the increased weight of the pregnant rats,the percentage of live fetuses,the embryonic body weight in 40 mg/kg and positive control groups were decreased(P<0.01).The micronucleus rate of marrow cells in pregnant rats,the liver blood cells and peripheral blood cells in the fetus,the rate of skeletal and visceral deformities and in 40 mg/kg and positive control groups were increased(P<0.01).The embryonic body and tail length in 40 mg/kg and positive control groups were decreased(P<0.05).The rate of external deformity in 40 mg/kg and positive control groups were increased(P<0.05).Percentage of live fetuses in 20 mg/kg group was decreased(P<0.05).The micronucleus rate of the liver blood cells and peripheral blood cells in the fetus,the rate of skeletal and external deformityies in 20 mg/kg group were increased(P<0.05).The rate of external deformity in 10 mg/kg group was increased(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:There were teratogenicity and mutagenicity on the rat embryo treated with 20 mg/kg to 40 mg/kg molybdenum acid ammoniumsalts.