贵阳城区4 335名儿童少年生长发育状况调查分析

目的：了解儿童少年生长发育状况，为儿童少年卫生保健工作提供科学建议及指导。方法：采用整群分层抽样方法对贵阳城区4335名6～13岁儿童少年进行形态、机能、素质、营养状况、学校常见病等调查。结果：(1)贵阳城区儿童少年的生长发育趋势符合一般发育规律，即男女形态及肺活量等指标随年龄增长而上升，身高等形态指标发育曲线呈现两次交叉；(2)生长发育水平领先全省平均水平，但营养状况不理想，肥胖及营养不良达17．18％；(3)学校常见病以视力低下、龋齿、砂眼、扁桃体炎检出率较高。结论：随着人民生活水平的改善，儿童少年生长发育状况有所提高，但也存在一些问题。

Investigation of the Growth and Development Status of 4 335 Children and Adolescents in Guiyang City

Objective:To study the growth and development status of children and adolescents ,and to provide scientific advice and direction for the corresponding hygienic work. Methods: 4?335 children and adolescents aged 6-13 in Guiyang city were investigated about their morph genesis, function, quality, nutritional status and the common diseases in school by cluster stratified sampling. Results: The tendency of growth and development of children and adolescents in Guiyang city corresponded with the average development regularity, in which the male and female morphological and lung capablity parameters increased with age. Two cross phenomena were observed in the development curve of height and weight;The level of the growth and development was above the whole province average, while the nutritional status was poor,with polarization being seen. The rate of obesity and malnutrition was 17.18%.The rate of poor sight, dental caries, trachoma, and tonsillitis was the highest among the common diseases in school. Conclusion: The growth and development status of children and adolescents was better than ever as a result of the increasing living stardard of the people, but some new problems appear.