辽宁锦州地区尿路感染致病菌分布及耐药性分析

目的 了解锦州地区尿路感染患者的致病菌分布及耐药性，指导临床合理用药。方法 分析2005年6月～2006年6月确诊为尿路感染的住院患者尿细菌培养及其对抗生素的耐药性。结果 分离前4位的细菌依次为大肠埃希菌（43．75％）、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（9．03％）、肠球菌（6．94％）、肺炎克雷伯菌（5．56％）；超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBLs）检出率21．43％；革兰阴性杆菌对头孢西丁、头孢哌酮、头孢他啶、头孢吡肟和亚胺培南的敏感性较好，对哌拉西林、氨苄西林、磺胺类、喹诺酮类抗生素耐药率高；革兰阳性球菌对万古霉素、利福平、呋喃妥因敏感，对头孢菌素类、青霉素类、红霉素等抗生素耐药率高。结论 分离菌株对常用抗生素耐药严重，临床应结合药敏试验和耐药菌株的报告结果，合理选择抗生素。

The distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria causing urinary tract infections in Jinzhou area in Liaoning province

Objective To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria causing urinary tract infections in Jinzhou area and guide the rational use of antimicrobials in clinics.Methods The distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria collected from urine cultures inpatients for urinary infections from June 2005 to June 2006 were analyzed.Results E.coli(43.75%),CNS(9.03%),Enterococcus(6.94%) and Klebsiella penumoniae(5.56%) were the most dominant of pathogenic bacteria.The detection rate of ESBLs was 21.43%.Gram negative bacilli were sensitive to cefoxitin,cefoperazone,ceftazidime,cefepime and imipenem,while highly resistant to piperacillin,ampicillin,sulfamido and quinolones;Gram positive cocci were sensitive to vancomycin,rifampicin and nitrofurantoin,whereas highly resistant to cephlosporins,penicillins and erythromycin. Conclusions The resistance of the isolated strains is quite serious against common-use antibiotics,and clinicians should pay more attention to the drug susceptible test result and resistant strain report for the rational use of antibiotics.