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Ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer sequences do not support the species status of Ampelomyces quisqualis, a hyperparasite of powdery mildew fungi
Authors:Levente Kiss  K. K. Nakasone
Affiliation:(1) Plant Protection Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 102, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary, HU;(2) USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, 1 Gifford Pinchot Drive, Madison, WI 53705-2398, USA Fax: +1-608-231 9592 e-mail: Karen.Nakasone/fpl@fs.fed.us, US
Abstract:Phylogenetic relationships among Ampelomyces isolates, pycnidial hyperparasites and biological control agents of powdery mildews, were inferred from internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of the ribosomal DNA (rDNA). Currently, these hyperparasites are considered to be a single species, A. quisqualis, despite observed morphological and cultural differences. Ten Ampelomyces isolates, representing seven previously defined ITS RFLP groups, were sequenced and analyzed. Sequence-divergence values among isolates belonging to different RFLP groups ranged from 4.3 to 22.4%, suggesting that these isolates may represent different taxa. When Ampelomyces ITS sequences were analyzed by cladistic methods with the sequences of other ascomycetous fungi, they formed two lineages in the Dothideales. Slow-growing Ampelomyces isolates formed a clade with Leptosphaeria microscopica and L. nodorum, whereas fast-growing Ampelomyces isolates formed a clade with Epicoccum nigrum. Sequence-divergence values between these two clades ranged from 17.3 to 22.4%, suggesting that the taxa in the two clades are not closely related and possibly not congeneric. The data presented here indicate that the identification of `A. quisqualis' isolates used in biological control experiments should be re-evaluated. Received: 10 March 1997 / Accepted: 13 February 1998
Keywords:Ampelomyces spp.  Biological control  Powdery mildews  Ribosomal DNA  Internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region
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