7岁以下儿童生长发育Z评分及其影响因素研究

目的 了解7岁以下儿童的生长发育情况及其影响因素, 为改善儿童的健康状况提供科学依据。方法 采用分层整群抽样方法, 在山东省内随机抽取2个县(高唐、长青)8个乡(镇)幼儿园的0~7岁的735例儿童作为调查对象, 并利用自制调查问卷进行调查。结果 7岁以下儿童生长迟缓、低体重、消瘦的发生率分别为4.8%、2.6%、2.0%。儿童年龄别身高Z评分(height-for-age)、年龄别体重Z评分(weight-for-age)以及身高别体重Z评分(weight-for-height)均值分别为0.83±2.40、0.70±1.99、0.22±1.80。不同年龄段儿童生长迟缓发生率、低体重的发生率及消瘦发生率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 调查地区儿童生长发育水平基本正常, 但仍需采取积极措施调整儿童饮食习惯、提高身体素质。

Z scores for growth status of children under 7 years old and its influential factors

Objective To study growth status of children under 7 years old and its influential factors, providing scientific reference for improving their health. Methods The method of stratified-cluster-random sampling was used in this study.735 cases of left-behind children aged 0~7 years old were sampled from 2 counties and 6 nursery schools of Shandong, and surveyed with self-made questionnaire. Results Prevalence rates of growth retardation, underweight and wasting were 4.8%, 2.6%, 2.0% respectively.The Z scores of HAZ, WAZ and WHZ were 0.83±2.40, 0.70±1.99, 0.22±1.80 respectively.There were significant differences in growth retardation, underweight and wasting of different age(P<0.05). Conclusion In investigate area, the health status of children under 7 years old is normal mainly, but effective measures still should be taken to adjust dietary habits and improve physical fitness