华侨大学生社交焦虑及相关心理因素分析

目的调查华侨大学生在内地大学就读的社交焦虑情况,探讨部分人口学和心理学指标对其社交焦虑的影响。方法以93名从小在国外生活目前在内地就读的华侨大学生为对象,运用交往焦虑量表(IA S)、应对方式问卷和社会支持评定量表作测试。结果①在方差分析中,侨生与内地生在社交焦虑存在显著差异(F=16.182,P=0.000),而华侨女生是社交焦虑程度最为严重的群体(t=2.243,P<0.05);②除了求助(t=1.078,P>0.05)维度,侨生的应对方式水平与社会支持情况均低于与内地学生(解决问题t=3.811,P<0.01;自责t=4.493,P<0.01;幻想t=4.464,P<0.01;退避t=3.346,P<0.01;合理化t=5.089,P<0.01;客观支持t=4.044,P<0.01;主观支持t=3.181,P<0.01;支持利用t=3.123,P<0.01;支持总分t=4.612,P<0.01);③侨生应对方式中的自责和幻想与社交焦虑显著相关(r=0.390,P<0.01;r=0.254,P<0.05);④在分层回归分析中低社交焦虑侨生的支持利用对其社交焦虑有预测作用,而成熟型和不成熟型应对方式对高社交焦虑侨生的社交焦虑有预测作用,其中不成熟型影响最大。结论文化生活背景、性别、应对方式与社会支持对侨生的社交焦虑产生了不同的影响。

Social Anxiety of Huaqiao College Students and Its Psychological Factors

Objective To discuss the social anxiety of Huaqiao college students and influence by the factors of demography and psychology.Methods A total of 93 Huaqiao college students studying in mainland university and lived in overseas before were assessed by IAS,Coping Styles Scale and Social Support Scale.Results ①In analysis of variance,there was significantly different social anxiety between Huaqiao college students and mainland college students（F=16.182,P=0.000）,and the level of social anxiety of Huaqiao college female students was poorer than other kinds of students（t=2.243,P〈0.05）.②The coping styles and social support of Huaqiao college students scored lower than mainland college students（solving problem t=3.811,P〈0.01;self-accusation t=4.493,P〈0.01;fantasy t=4.464,P〈0.01;retreating t=3.346,P〈0.01;rationalization t=5.089,P〈0.01;objective support t=4.044,P〈0.01;subjective support t=3.181,P〈0.01;utilization support t=3.123,P〈0.01;total score of support t=4.612,P〈0.01）except the factor of help-seeking（t=1.078,P〉0.05）.③Self-accusation and fantasy were correlated with social anxiety of Huaqiao college students（r=0.390,P〈0.01;r=0.254,P〈0.05）.④Hierarchical regression analysis showed that utilization support could predict the lower social anxiety of Huaqiao colleague students,both mature and immature coping styles could predict the high social anxiety of Huaqiao colleague students,and immature coping styles influenced largely.Conclusion Culture-life background,gender,coping styles and social support can have different influence on social anxiety of Huaqiao college students differently.