《生活技能教育与心理健康促进》课程教学模式研究与效果评估

目的 了解大学生对《生活技能教育与心理健康促进》课程的需求,以及该课程对大学生健康相关态度和行为的影响,为建立大学生生活技能教育教学模式提供依据.方法 在北京大学医学部开设《生活技能教育与心理健康促进》选修课,共9周18个学时.采用参与式教学方法,以培养医学生健康的生活方式为切入口,为学生提供生活技能的理论教学与实践培训.通过课程前后2次问卷调查,对课程教学内容、教学方式和教学效果和学生健康相关行为及态度进行评估.结果 教育后,学生健康相关行为和态度有了明显转变,接受教育后学生上网查阅学习资料的比例较教育前显著增加(P＜0.01),而聊天的比例显著下降(P＜0.05).健康相关态度也有了明显的正向改变,6个问题中有5个差异有统计学意义.教育后学生心理社会能力 "总分"、 "好"、 "有能力"、"快乐"4个方面评分均高于教育前(P＜0.05).教学内容和互动式教学模式深受学生欢迎.学生对学习该课程的必要性、有效性及课程对促进大学生心理健康,减少不健康生活方式的作用评价很高.结论 加强医学院校学生的生活技能教育,是促进医学生心理健康的关键.开设相关生活技能教育课程是必要、有效且可行的,可以在高校推广应用.

Study of Teaching Model and Evaluation on the Life-skills Education and Psychology Health Promotion

Objective To evaluate the undergraduates' demands for this curriculum and further improvement recommendations about the teaching content,methodology and effects,and to provide evidence for effective teaching model about life-skills education.Methods Life-skills Education and Psychology Health Promotion was designed and conducted among undergraduates in Health Science Center of Peking University from September to November in 2006.This course totally took 18 class hours for 9 weeks.The interactive teaching methods were used in the curriculum and forming a healthy lifestyle was emphasized for medical students in the beginning of the class in order to provide the theoretical and practical knowledge of life skills training.Questionnaire surveys were conducted before and after the course to evaluate the teaching content,teaching skills and teaching effects on health-related attitudes and behaviors of students.Results Health-related behaviors and attitudes of the students had been remarkably changed after the course.Percentage of students learning online significantly increased(P<0.01)and the percentage of those chatting greatly decreased(P<0.05).A noticeable positive change about health-related attitudes was obvious,which there were statistical significant difference in five of the six questions.After the course ended,scores of the four psycho-social abilities which were "total scores","good","ability" and "happiness" were higher than scores before the course(P<0.05).Teaching contents and interactive teaching skills of the curriculum were warmly welcomed by students.The good feedback on curriculum's necessity,effectiveness and the function of reducing unhealthy lifestyles was also given by students.Conclusion Strengthening life-skills education among medical students is crucial to promote their psychology health and to become the "healthy ambassador".Life skills education is necessary,effective and feasible.And it can be lectured in other colleges in China as well.