Patient dose increase caused by posteroanterior CT localizer radiographs |
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| Institution: | 1. Division of Diagnostic Radiology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, 1007 Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi, Sunto, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan;2. Department of Radiological Technology, Radiological Diagnosis, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan;3. Division of Comprehensive Radiology Center, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 260-8677, Japan;4. Division of Interventional Radiology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, 1007 Shimonagakubo Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411-8777, Japan;1. Institut de radioprotection et de sûreté nucléaire, Pôle santé et environnement, Service de recherche en dosimétrie, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France;2. Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, Research in Dosimetric Applications, Mol, Belgium;3. Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Department of Radiation Protection, ?ód?, Poland;1. University of Namibia, Faculty of Health Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, School of Allied Health Sciences, Department of Radiography, P.O Box 13301, Windhoek, Namibia;1. National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Egypt;2. Mit Ghamr Oncology Center, Egypt;3. Faculty of Science, Physics Department, Cairo University, Egypt;4. Faculty of Science, Physics Department, Tanta University, Egypt;1. Endoscopy, Shizuoka, Japan;2. Genetic Medicine Promotion, Shizuoka, Japan;3. Diagnostic Radiology, Shizuoka, Japan;4. Clinical Research Center, Shizuoka, Japan;5. Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Shizuoka, Japan;6. Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan;1. Radiology, South Tees NHS Trust, James Cook University Hospital, Marton Road, Middlesbrough, TS4 3BW, UK;2. Visiting Scholar of Teesside University, School of Health & Life Sciences, Centuria Building, Middlesbrough, Tees Valley, TS1 3BX, UK |
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| Abstract: | IntroductionThe aim of this study was to compare the output dose (volume CT dose index CTDIvol], and dose length product DLP]) of automatic tube current modulation (ATCM) determined by localizer radiographs obtained in the anteroposterior (AP) and posteroanterior (PA) directions.MethodsOne hundred and twenty-four patients who underwent upper abdomen and/or chest–to–pelvis computed tomography (CT) were included. Patients underwent two series of CT examinations, and localizer radiographs were obtained in the AP and PA directions. The horizontal diameter of the localizer radiograph, scan length, CTDIvol, and DLP were measured.ResultsThere was no significant difference in the scan length; however, all the other values were significantly higher in the PA direction. The mean horizontal diameter was 33.1 ± 2.6 cm and 35.4 ± 2.9 cm in the AP and PA directions of the localizer radiographs, respectively. The CTDIvol and DLP in the PA direction increased by approximately 7–8%.Bland-Altman plots between AP and PA localizer directions in upper abdominal CT showed a positive bias of 1.1 mGy and 30.0 mGy cm for CTDIvol and DLP, respectively. Correspondingly, chest–to–pelvic CT showed a positive bias of 0.93 mGy and 69.3 mGy cm for CTDIvol and DLP, respectively.ConclusionThe output dose of ATCM determined by localizer radiographs obtained in the PA direction was increased compared to the AP direction. Localizer radiographs obtained in the AP direction should be preferred for optimizing the output dose using ATCM.Implications for practiceBased on the evidence of this study, localizer radiographs obtained in the AP direction should be preferred for optimizing the output dose in CT examinations. |
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| Keywords: | Radiation dose Computed tomography Localizer radiograph Automatic tube current modulation Patient size ATCM"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"kwrd0040"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"automatic tube current modulation AP"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"kwrd0050"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"anteroposterior PA"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"kwrd0060"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"posteroanterior computed tomography dose index DLP"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"kwrd0070b"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"dose length product |
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