人工关节改性材料的生物摩擦学研究

目的　研究不同人工关节材料的改性技术及生物摩擦学性能，为新型人工关节设计提供可靠的技术与理论基础。方法　选用表面渗碳、微弧氧化和氮离子注入技术对钛合金表面进行改性，以提高其耐磨损性能；超高分子量聚乙烯则采用填充改性技术，制备了UHMWPE/BHA、UHMWPE/NC和UHMWPE/VE复合材料，通过提高UHMWPE关节假体的承载能力和蠕变抗力，降低其磨损率；以聚乙烯醇（PVA）为基体材料，选用纳米羟基磷灰石（HA）为增强剂，制备了PVA/HA复合仿生人工软骨材料，考察了其摩擦学特性。结果　(1) 钛合金的表面改性可获得结合性能良好的表面陶瓷层，可有效提高钛合金的耐磨损性能。（2）超高分子量聚乙烯的填充改性，可获得耐磨损性能良好的关节复合材料，有效减少超高分子量聚乙烯磨损颗粒的产生并降低其磨损颗粒引起的生物学反应

Investigation on the biotribology of the modified artificial joint materials

Objective: The modification and biotribology of the different artificial joint materials were investigated in this paper. The purpose of these studies focused on providing the reliable technological and theoretical basises for the new typical artificial joint designs. Method: Ti surface of Ti6Al4V alloy were modified by the surface carburizing, MAO and ion implantation. The aim was to increase the wear resistance. The filling modification technology was used to increase the loading capacity, creep resistance and wear resistance of UHMWPE. UHMWPE/BHA, UHMWPE/NC and UHMWPE/VE composites were prepared in this study. With polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as matrix material and nano-hydroxyapatite (HA) as the enhancement, PVA/HA hydrogel composite was prepared. The biotribologies of these biomaterials were investigated in this paper. Results: (1) The surface modification of titanium alloy may obtain the ceramic layer with a combination of good performance, which can effectively improve the wear resistance of titanium alloy. (2) The filling modification of UHMWPE can get some good wear-resistant joint composites. The wear particles and biological reaction were reduced effectively.