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Mycobacterium potentiates protection from colorectal cancer by gut microbial alterations |
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| Authors: | Yu-Mi Kim Jin-Ouk Choi Yong-Joon Cho Bong-Ki Hong Hoh-Jeong Shon Bum-Joon Kim Joo-Hong Park Wan-Uk Kim Donghyun Kim |
| Affiliation: | 1. Center for Integrative Rheumatoid Transcriptomics and Dynamics, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea;3. School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea Institute for Basic Science, Seoul, Republic of Korea;4. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea;5. School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea;6. Center for Integrative Rheumatoid Transcriptomics and Dynamics, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea;7. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea |
| Abstract: | Not only are many Mycobacteria pathogens, but they can act as strong non-specific immunopotentiators, generating beneficial effects on the pathogenesis of some diseases. However, there has been no direct evidence of the effect of mycobacterial species on colorectal cancer (CRC). Herein, we showed that there may be a meaningful inverse correlation between the incidence of tuberculosis and CRC based on global statistics and that heat-killed Mycobacterial tuberculosis and live Mycobacterium bovis (Bacillus Calmette–Guérin strain) could ameliorate CRC development. In particular, using a faecal microbiota transplantation and a comparison between separate housing and cohousing, we demonstrated that the gut microbiota is involved in the protective effects. The microbial alterations can be elucidated by the modulation of antimicrobial activities including those of the Reg3 family genes. Furthermore, interleukin-22 production by T helper cells contributed to the anti-inflammatory activity of Mycobacteria. Our results revealed a novel role of Mycobacteria involving gut microbial alterations in dampening inflammation-associated CRC and an immunological mechanism underlying the interaction between microbes and host immunity. |
| Keywords: | BCG colorectal cancer IL-22 microbiota Mycobacterium tuberculosis |