牛磺酸对糖尿病大鼠视网膜超微结构的影响

目的 观察糖尿病大鼠视网膜早期病变，探讨牛磺酸对糖尿病大鼠视网膜超微结构的影响。方法 选择健康成年SD大鼠50只，随机分成正常对照组(CON)、糖尿病1月组(DM1)、牛磺酸干预的糖尿病1月组(DM1 T)、糖尿病3月组(DM3)、牛磺酸干预的糖尿病3月组(DM3 T)。一次性腹腔内注射链尿佐菌素(STZ)，建立糖尿病大鼠模型。在普通饲料中加入1.2％牛磺酸进行营养干预，对各组视网膜进行光镜HE染色及透射电镜观察。结果 视网膜HE染色显示，糖尿病组视网膜较正常对照组明显变薄，神经节细胞数明显减少。牛磺酸干预后视网膜厚度较糖尿病组增加，神经节细胞数相对增多。观察超微结构发现糖尿病大鼠感光细胞外段膜盘排列紊乱，膜盘间隙增大，严重者出现膜盘断裂、溶解；视杆内段线粒体等细胞器肿胀变性，内网状层轴突肿胀、空泡样变。牛磺酸干预后感光细胞外段膜盘排列明显变整齐，线粒体肿胀较轻，内网状层轴突肿胀较糖尿病组轻。结论 牛磺酸可明显改善糖尿病视网膜的超微结构改变。

Effect of taurine on retinal ultrastructure of rats with early-stage diabetic retina

Objective To observe retinopathy of diabetic rats,and to investigate the effect of taurine on ultrastructure of rats with early stage diabetic retinopathy.Methods 50 SD rats were chosen and divided at random into normal group(CON),one month diabetic group(DM1),one month taurine treated diabetic group(DM1 T),three month diabetic group(DM3),three month taurine treated diabetic group.Diabetic rat was induced by injected streptozocin into abdominal cavity once.Diabetic rats were treated with taurine that were mixed with the food.The rats were sacrificed at the time of one month,three months after the model being created.Retinal tissues of rats were observed with optical microscope and transmission electronic micoscope.Results Taurine can effectively protect retinal capillaries and improve optical receptor functions.