超声引导下患儿肋锁间隙臂丛神经阻滞的研究进展

肋锁间隙(CCS)臂丛神经阻滞是一种锁骨下臂丛神经阻滞方式。臂丛内侧束、外侧束、后束在CCS集中于腋动脉外侧，位置关系固定，使用较少的局麻药即可达到良好的阻滞效果。近年来，CCS臂丛神经阻滞逐渐应用于患儿区域麻醉。患儿CCS臂丛神经解剖位置表浅，易于超声定位，但血管、神经、胸膜等结构距离较近，超声引导增加了患儿CCS臂丛神经阻滞的有效性和安全性。本文就CCS臂丛神经阻滞的解剖基础及超声定位、阻滞方法及药物用量、患儿临床应用和相关并发症进行综述，以期为患儿CCS臂丛神经阻滞的应用提供参考。

Research progress on ultrasound-guided costoclavicular space brachial plexus block in pediatric patients

Costoclavicular space (CCS) brachial plexus block is an infraclavicular approach for brachial plexus block. The medial cord, lateral cord and posterior cord of brachial plexus are concentrated on the lateral aspect of the axillary artery in the CCS, with a fixed position relationship, allowing for a successful block to be achieved with less local anesthetic. Ultrasound-guided CCS brachial plexus block has been gradually applied to pediatric regional anesthesia in recent years. The anatomical position of CCS brachial plexus in children is superficial, which is easy to be located by ultrasound. The distance between vessels, nerves and pleura is relatively close, and ultrasound guidance improves the efficacy and safety of pediatric CCS brachial plexus block. This article reviews the anatomical basis, ultrasound positioning, block methods, medicine dosage, clinical application, and complications of CCS brachial plexus block in children, in order to provide reference for the application of pediatric CCS brachial plexus block.