乳房疼痛患者抑郁、焦虑和激惹情绪调查及影响因素

目的 调查乳房疼痛患者抑郁、焦虑及激惹情绪状态并探讨相关影响因素,为乳房疼痛患者提供合适的心理干预和治疗措施。 方法 选取2015年5月至2016年12月于全国12家三级甲等医院乳腺科门诊就诊的乳房疼痛患者2 731例,收集其基本信息、临床查体等资料,利用激惹、抑郁和焦虑量表(IDA)调查患者的心理状态并进行分析。 结果 乳房疼痛患者中,22.8%存在4项心理情绪问题(抑郁边缘/异常状态、焦虑边缘/异常状态、边缘/异常内向性激惹、边缘/异常外向性激惹),18.8%存在3项心理情绪问题,20.2%存在2项心理情绪问题,19.4%存在1项心理问题。随着疼痛程度的增加,IDA抑郁、焦虑及外向性激惹维度评分随之升高(F=6.7~26.7, P<0.05)。多因素分析显示,疼痛评分高、低学历、低收入、吸烟及饮酒史等为乳房疼痛患者情绪问题的危险因素(P均<0.05)。 结论 乳房疼痛患者具有较高的抑郁、焦虑及内外向性激惹情绪发生率。疼痛程度与乳房疼痛患者抑郁、焦虑等情绪发生密切相关。

Depression,anxiety and irritability and their related factors in patients with breast pain

Objective To investigate the level of depression, anxiety and irritability, and their related factors in patients with breast pain. Methods Totally 2 731 breast pain patients were recruited from the breast clinics of 12 hospitals in China from May 2015 to December 2016. The basic information and clinical examination data were collected. Irritability, depression and anxiety scale(IDA)was used to measure their mental status. Results Of breast pain patients, 22.8% had four psychological emotional problems; 18.8%, 20.2% and 19.4% had respective three, two and one psychological emotional problems. The score of depression, anxiety and outward irritability of IDA gradually increased with the increase of pain degree(F=6.7-26.7, P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that high pain scores, low education level, low income level, smoking history and drinking history were important factors influencing emotional problems in patients with breast pain(all P<0.05). Conclusion Patients with breast pain have a higher incidence of depression, anxiety, inward and outward irritability. Pain is related to the occurrence of depression and anxiety in patients with breast pain.