尿道下裂患儿术前心理状况的探究

目的 探究并分析尿道下裂患儿的心理、行为状况，为尿道下裂患儿治疗过程中的心理护理提供理论指导。方法 对2015年1月~2017年10月西南医科大学附属医院小儿外科4~8岁的128例尿道下裂患儿在手术前1 d进行问卷调查。采用中国学龄前儿童气质量表调查患儿心理状态，采用 Achenbach儿童行为量表调查患儿的行为状况。结果 儿童气质量表调查结果显示，尿道下裂患儿在活动水平（4.10±0.24）、注意时限和坚持度（2.51±0.41）、节律性（3.51±1.90）、注意分散度（4.22±0.35）、反应阈（3.84±0.32）、反应强度（4.49±0.20）和趋避性（2.94±0.29）方面分值高于中国常模（P＜0.05）；Achenbach儿童行为量表调查结果显示，尿道下裂患儿在抑郁因子、多动因子、攻击性因子、社交退缩因子、交往不良因子方面问题突出（P＜0.05）。结论 尿道下裂对患儿心理、行为会产生明显的负面影响，在尿道下裂的手术治疗中，医护人员应关注尿道下裂对患儿心理、行为的影响，及时给予相应的心理干预。

Study on Preoperative Psychological Status of Children with Hypospadias

Objective To explore and analyze the psychology and behavior of children with hypospadias,and provide the theoretical guidance for hypospadias children's psychdogical nursing during the treatment.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on 128 cases children with hypospadias from January 2015 to October 2017 in Pediatric Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University. Children's psychological status was investigated using the Chinese Preschool Children's Gas Quality Chart, and the behavioral status of the children was investigated using the Achenbach Child Behavior Scale.Results The results of the children's gas quality table showed that children with hypospadias had higher scores in activity level（4.10±0.24）, attention time limit and persistence（2.51±0.41）, rhythm（3.51±1.90）, attention dispersion（4.22±0.35）, response threshold（3.84±0.32）, reaction intensity（4.49±0.20） and avoidance（2.94±0.29）higher than Chinese norm (P＜0.05). The results of the Achenbach Child Behavior Scale showed that children with hypospadias had prominent problems in depression factors, hyperkinetic factors, aggressive factors, social withdrawal factors, and poor communication factors(P＜0.05).Conclusion Hypospadias can have a significant negative impact on the psychology and behavior of children. In the surgical treatment of hypospadias, medical staff should pay attention to the impact of hypospadias on the psychology and behavior of children, and timely give corresponding psychological intervention.