2013-2017年河南省H3N2亚型流感病毒流行特征分析

目的 分析河南省2013-2017年H3N2亚型流感病毒流行特征,为流感防控策略的制定提供依据。方法 采集河南省22家流感监测哨点医院的流感样病例(Influenza like illness,ILI)咽拭子标本,进行荧光定量PCR检测和病毒分离,对H3N2亚型流感病毒检测阳性标本进行统计分析。结果 河南省2013-2017年共检测62 307例ILI病例标本,其中H3N2亚型流感病毒核酸检测阳性4 791例,四个监测年度H3N2亚型阳性占流感总阳性的率分别为14.9%、95.68%、12.36%、76.57%,男女发病率差异无统计学意义;有三个监测年度不同年龄组的H3N2感染率差异有统计学意义;H3N2亚型流感病毒感染人群职业分布以散居儿童(24.73%-35.41%)、托幼儿童(21.94%-30.17%)、学生(16.77%-27.66%)检出人数最多;各个监测年度各市核酸阳性率和病毒分离率不同;H3N2病毒分离株以低血凝滴度(1〖DK〗∶16)二代细胞分离毒株为主(62.33%)。结论 2河南省H3N2亚型流感病毒呈年度周期性流行,是近些年流感流行的的主要型别,儿童和学生是H3N2亚型流感防控的重点人群,且该病毒在细胞中不易培养,呈低滴度高代数特点,应加强病毒分离工作。

Epidemiological characteristics of influenza A (H3N2) virus in Henan,2013-2017

Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of influenza A(H3N2) virus in Henan province during 2013-2017.Methods ILI (Influenza-like illness) swabs collected from 22 influenza sentinel hospitals in Henan province were detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR and virus isolation,and data of positive specimens of influenza H3N2 virus were analyzed.Results 62 307 ILI specimens were detected in Henan province during 2013-2017,of which 4791 cases were positive of H3N2.The positive rates of the four years were 14.9%,95.68%,12.36% and 76.57%,respectively.There was no significant difference between the infection population of male and female,and there were the most infected cases among scattered children (24.73%-35.41%).The positive rates of different cities were variant.Characteristics of virus isolation showed that there were mainly low titer (1〖DK〗∶16) and the 2nd cell passaging strains (62.33%).Conclusion Influenza A (H3N2) virus shows annual cyclical epidemic.It is the main epidemic type in recent years in Henan province.Children and students are key populations of influenza A (H3N2) virus prevention and control.The virus is hard to be cultured in cell,and the virus isolation skills should be strengthened.