产前超声筛查胎儿心脏畸形结果分析

目的 探讨胎儿心脏畸形超声系统检查检出率、超声检查最佳时机及漏诊情况。方法 2013年1月~2016年8月51290例孕早、中、晚期孕妇，依据中国医师协会《产前超声检查指南(2012)》标准与要求进行筛查胎儿心脏畸形。结果 超声产前检出胎儿心脏畸形263例，检出率为5.13‰，各年间胎儿心脏畸形检出率比较，差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。孕早期、中期、晚期胎儿心脏畸形检出率分别为1.25‰、7.71‰、5.13‰，三个孕周间胎儿心脏畸形检出率比较，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；孕早期胎儿心脏畸形检出率与孕中期比较，孕晚期胎儿心脏畸形检出率与孕中期比较，孕早期胎儿心脏畸形检出率与孕晚期比较，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。超声产前漏诊9例，漏诊率为3.31％。结论　近年佳木斯市胎儿心脏畸形发病率处于稳定，略有上升的趋势，胎儿心脏畸形的最佳检查时间为孕中期。

Analysis of Results of Prenatal Ultrasound Screening for Fetal Cardiac Malformation

Abstract:Objective To investigate the detection rate of fetal heart malformation by ultrasonic system,the best time of ultrasonic examination and the condition of missed diagnosis.Methods From January 2013 to August 2016,51290 pregnant women with early, middle and late pregnancy were screened for fetal heart malformations,according to the Chinese Medical Association"Prenatal Ultrasound Examination Guidelines(2012)"standards and requirements for screening for fetal heart malformations.Results There were 263 cases of fetal cardiac abnormalities detected before ultrasound.The detection rate was 5.13 ‰,there was no statistically significant difference in the detection rate of fetal cardiac abnormalities in each year(P>0.05).The detection rates of cardiac malformation in early, middle and late pregnancy were 1.25 ‰,7.71‰and 5.13 ‰,respectively,the difference of fetal heart malformation rate in three gestational weeks was statistically significant(P<0.05);The detection rate of fetal heart malformation in the early pregnancy was compared with that in the middle pregnancy.The rate of fetal cardiac malformation in the late pregnancy was compared with that in the middle pregnancy.The rate of fetal cardiac malformation in the early pregnancy was compared with that in the late trimester,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).9 cases were missed by ultrasound,and the rate of missed diagnosis was 3.31%. Conclusion In recent years,the incidence of fetal heart malformation in Jiamusi city has been stable,with a slight increase.The best check time for fetal heart malformation is in the second trimester.