2014-2016年荆门市淡水鱼中致病性弧菌污染状况调查

目的 了解荆门市淡水鱼类在养殖、销售、餐饮环节中霍乱弧菌、副溶血性弧菌、创伤弧菌、溶藻弧菌等4种致病性弧菌的污染状况,为更好预防和控制食源性疾病提供科学依据。方法 2014-2016年夏季在荆门市淡水鱼养殖场、销售市场、宾馆饭店采集淡水鱼343份、养殖水体42份、销售及餐饮存养水体36份,参照《国家食品污染和有害因素风险工作手册》进行4种致病性弧菌的检测。结果 荆门市淡水鱼中4种致病性弧菌检出率为62.39%(214/343),淡水鱼养殖水体检出率为30.95%(13/42),销售及餐饮水体检出率为22.22%(8/36)。在淡水鱼所检出的致病性弧菌中,副溶血性弧菌检出率最高,为46.36%(159/343);其次为溶藻弧菌检出率为11.37%(39/343);霍乱弧菌检出率为7.29%(25/343);创伤弧菌检出率为7.00%(24/343)。淡水鱼和相应水体中检出的38株霍乱弧菌中36株为非O1/0139群霍乱弧菌,2株为O139群霍乱弧菌。结论 荆门市淡水鱼中4种致病性弧菌污染较为普遍,食品安全监管部门应加强对淡水鱼餐饮环节、养殖及销售过程的监管力度,减少致病性弧菌所引起疾病的发生。

Pathogenic vibrio contamination in freshwater fish in Jingmen 2014-2016

Objective To understand the contamination of four pathogenic Vibrio species including Vibrio cholerae,Vibrio parahaemolyticus,Vibrio vulnificus and Vibrio alginolyticus in the breeding,market selling and catering sectors of Jingmen City,and to provide the scientific basis for better prevention and control of food-borne diseases. Methods 343 samples of freshwater fish,42 samples of aquaculture water,36 samples of preservation water were collected in the summer of 2014-2016 years and were used for detecting four pathogenic Vibrio species by ′National Food Pollution and Hazardous Factors Risk Work Manual′. Results The detection rates of four vibrio pathogens in freshwater fishes,breeding fresh water and market fresh water were 62.39%(214/343),30.95%(13/42)and 22.22%(8/36),respectively.The detection rate of Vibrio parahaemolyticus of 46.36%(159/343)was the highest in freshwater fishes,followed by the detection rate of Vibrio alginolyticus of 11.37%(39/343),Vibrio cholerae of 7.29%(25/343)and Vibrio vulnificus of 7.00%(24/343).38 strains of Vibrio cholerae were detected in freshwater fish and corresponding water bodies,of which 36 strains were non-01/0139 and 2 strains were 0139 Vibrio cholera. Conclusion The pollution of four pathogenic vibrians in freshwater fish in Jingmen City is very common.The food safety supervision department should strengthen the supervision of freshwater fish dining link,breeding and selling process to reduce the disease caused by pathogenic Vibrio.