2010-2016年四川省化学性食源性疾病暴发事件的流行病学分析

目的 了解四川省化学性食源性疾病暴发事件发生的规律和流行病学特征,为制定具有针对性的预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法 对2010-2016年食源性疾病暴发监测系统中报告的暴发事件流行病学特征进行分析。结果 全省共报告事件49起,发病471人,死亡15人,分别占同期的10.47%、8.37%和34.09%,病死率为3.18%,高于同期病死率0.78%(P<0.001)。亚硝酸盐引起的事件数(91.84%)、发病人数(97.66%)和死亡人数(93.33%)都最多,农药的病死率最高为11.11%,原因食品以肉与肉制品为主(24.49%),引发事件的原因以误食误用为主(48.98%),家庭的事件数最多(55.10%)。结论 四川省化学性食源性疾病暴发事件主要由亚硝酸盐、农药和毒鼠强引起,对人们健康造成的危害严重,应进一步加强对有毒化学品的监管,提高公众的卫生意识和自我保护能力,以达到预防和控制化学性食源性疾病的目的。

Epidemiological analysis of chemical foodborne disease outbreaks in Sichuan,2010-2016

Objective To find out the trend and epidemiological characteristic of chemical foodborne disease outbreaks in Sichuan Province,so as to provide a scientific basis for disease control and prevention.〖WTHZ〗Methods〖WTBZ〗〓Based on the data from the National Monitoring Network on Foodborne Disease reported during 2010-2016,we analyzed the epidemiological characteristics.〖WTHZ〗Results〖WTBZ〗〓Total of 49 events,471 cases and 15 deaths were recorded,accounting for 10.47%,8.37% and 34.09%,respectively.The case fatality rate (3.18%) was higher than the average fatality rate (0.78%) (P<0.001).Nitrite had the most events,incidence cases and death,accounting for 91.84%,97.66% and 93.33%,respectively.Pesticides had the highest case fatality rate holding 11.11%,and the main reason was meat and meat products (24.49%),and the main cause of the incidents was eating by mistake and misuse (48.98%).The family had the most events,occupying 55.10%.〖WTHZ〗Conclusion〖WTBZ〗〓Nitrite,organic phosphorus and tetramine are the three leading toxic chemicals which cause serious harm to people's health.The supervision of toxic chemicals,public health awareness and self-protection should be improved to prevent and control the chemical foodborne diseases.