水痘-带状疱疹病毒膜抗原荧光抗体试验的建立与评价

目的  建立用于检测血清中水痘-带状疱疹病毒（varicella-zoster virus，VZV)特异性抗体的膜抗原荧光抗体（fluorescent antibody to membrane antigen，FAMA）试验并对其进行验证和评价。方法  用VZV感染细胞作为抗原制备抗原载玻片，以异硫氰酸荧光素标记的羊抗人IgG为二抗建立FAMA试验。对试验的灵敏度、特异性和重复性进行验证。用FAMA试验和市售ELISA试剂盒对200份血浆样品中的抗VZV抗体进行检测。采用Spearman秩相关检验对两种方法的检测结果进行比较。结果 FAMA试验的灵敏度为0.04 IU/ml，与常见的人疱疹病毒（单纯疱疹病毒1和2型、人巨细胞病毒）没有交叉反应且重复性良好。经FAMA试验检测，200份血浆样品的抗体阳性率为93.5%，抗体几何平均效价为1:18.1，检测结果与市售ELISA试剂盒的符合率为90.0%。两种方法的检测结果具有相关性，Spearman秩相关系数为0.49，P<0.000 1。结论  建立的方法具有良好的灵敏度、特异性和重复性，可用于血清中抗VZV抗体的检测。

Establishment and evaluation of fluorescent antibody to membrane antigen test for varicella-zoster virus

Objective  To develop and evaluate a fluorescent antibody to membrane antigen (FAMA) test for detection of varicella-zoster virus (VZV)-specific antibody in plasma. Methods The FAMA test was established with VZV-infected cells as  fixed antigen and fluorescein isothiocyanate labeled goat anti-human IgG as  secondary antibody. The sensitivity, specificity and repeatability of the technique were validated. The antibodies in 200 plasma samples were determined with the established test and a commercial ELISA kit. The detection results of two methods were compared using Spearman’s rank correlation test. Results  FAMA test has a high sensitivity with the detecting limit of 0.04 IU/ml. No cross reactions with  other herpesviruses, such as herpes simplex virus (HSV) 1, 2 and human cytomegalovirus were observed. The antibody positive rate and geometric mean titer of 200 samples determined by FAMA test were 93.5% and 1:18.1, respectively. The result coincidence rate of FAMA test with the ELISA kit was 90.0%. The two method results were correlated with Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient 0.49, P<0.000 1. Conclusion    The developed method has good sensitivity, specificity and repeatability, and can be applied for detecting anti-VZV antibodies in sera.