2014-2016年陕西省市政供水水质全分析监测结果分析

目的 了解陕西省市级市政供水水质状况,为进一步科学、精准的开展水质监测和水质安全保障提供科学依据。方法 于2014年至2016年,连续3年对陕西省全部(10个)设区市主城区的全部市政供水工程开展卫生学调查和水质全分析监测。结果 2014年(93.55%)、2015年(70.91%)和2016年(80.65%)水样达标率差别没有统计学意义(χ2=5.237,P＞0.05);不达标常规指标主要包括总大肠菌群、铝和四氯化碳,达标率分别为98.92%、97.85%和98.92%;不达标的非常规指标主要包括硼、邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯、二氯一溴甲烷、二氯乙酸和三氯乙酸,达标率分别为97.85%、95.70%、98.92%、96.77%和97.85%。主要超标风险指标包括砷、氟化物、铝、三氯甲烷、硼、邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯、二氯乙酸、三氯乙酸、氨氮和钠。结论 毒理学指标超标是影响陕西省市政供水水质的主要因素。建议将常规指标与高风险非常规指标相结合开展水质卫生监测工作。

All items inspection of municipal water supply project in Shanxi,2014-2016

Objective To understand the sanitary status of municipal water supply projects in Shaanxi Province,so as to provide a scientific basis for further scientific and accurate monitoring of water quality. Methods Hygienic investigation and water all indexes quality analysis were conducted for 31 municipal water supply projects in 10 cities of Shanxi province from 2014 to 2016. Results Water quality acceptance rates in 2014(93.55%),2015(70.91%)and 2016(80.65%)were no statistical difference(χ2=5.237,P＞0.05).The qualified rates of several regular indices like total coliforms(98.92%),aluminum(97.85%)and carbon tetrachloride(98.92%)were not up to standard.The qualified rates of several non-regular indices like boron(97.85%),diethyl(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate(95.70%),bromodichloromethane(98.92%),dichloroacetic acid(96.77%)and trichloroacetic acid(97.85%)were not standard.Arsenic,fluoride,aluminum,chloroform,boron,diethyl(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate,dichloroacetic acid,trichloroacetic acid,ammonia nitrogen and sodium were the mainly risk indicators exceeding the standard. Conclusion Exceeding toxicological index is the main factor affecting the water quality of municipal water supply in Shanxi province.Regular indices should be combined with high-risk but non-regular indices to help carry out water quality health monitoring.