2015年武汉市15岁及以上居民烟草流行现状调查

目的 描述2015年武汉市15岁及以上居民烟草使用、戒烟、二手烟暴露和对烟草使用知识与态度及其不同教育水平、职业和地区分布特点，判断烟草的变化趋势。方法 采用分层多阶段PPS抽样方法，随机抽取14个区50个监测点的5 000个15岁及以上城乡居民进行问卷调查。结果 武汉市15岁及以上居民吸烟率为25.8%，现在吸烟率为23.5%，男性和女性吸烟率、现在吸烟率分别为48.9%、44.1%，2.0%、2.4%，男性明显高于女性，差异有统计学意义；仅有24.1%的现在吸烟者尝试戒烟；在室内二手烟暴露者中，酒吧/夜总会（歌舞厅）最高为96.8%，其次是饭店为72.4%；人群对吸烟及二手烟危害的认知率较低，仅15.5%的居民认为吸烟导致4种疾病的任意1种。结论 武汉市烟草流行状况严重，男性吸烟率处较高水平。酒吧和餐馆二手烟暴露情况严重，公众对吸烟及二手烟危害的认知不全面。

Epidemiologic status survey on tobacco epidemic among residents aged 15 and above of Wuhan in 2015

Objective To estimate the trend of tobacco use among residents aged 15 and above in Wuhan, the states of smoking, smoking cessation, second-hand smoking were described, and the knowledge and attitude to tobacco use in people of different education levels, occupation and regional were analyzed. Methods The multi-stage stratified PPS sampling method was used to select 5 000 residents(≥15 years old) from 50 monitoring points in 14 districts as the subjects, which were investigated with questionnaire. Results The smoking rate and current smoking rate of residents aged 15 and above in Wuhan were 25.8% and 23.5%, respectively. The smoking rate and current smoking rate(48.9% and 41.1% ) in males were significantly higher than those (2.0% and 2.4% ) in female, only 24.1% current smokers had tried to quit smoking, the rate of second-hand smoking in bars/nightclubs (dance halls) ranked first (96.8%), followed by hotels (72.4%); the awareness of dangers of second-hand smoking was insufficient among the resident, and only 15.5% of residents thought that smoking led to any one of the four diseases. Conclusion Tobacco prevalence in Wuhan is serious, and male smoking rate is at a high level. Second-hand smoking in bar and restaurant is serious, and the awareness of hazards of smoking and secondhand smoking is not comprehensive.