青年脑出血患者的临床特点及发病危险因素分析

目的 探讨青年急性脑出血患者发病的临床特点、危险因素及预防措施。方法 回顾性分析2009年1月～2016年1月中国人民解放军第二五四医院神经内科收治的700例青年脑出血患者临床资料，分析其发病特点及可能的危险因素。结果 2009年～2016年共发生700例青年脑出血，在同期全部脑卒中中所占比例约在21.3%～35.6%。高血压合并动脉硬化仍然是脑出血的最主要病因，占42.7%（299例）。青年人群脑出血的发生与糖尿病史、心脏病史、吸烟史、口服抗凝药史相关（P＜0.05），但仅有心脏病史、吸烟史、口服抗凝药史是独立性危险因素（P＜0.05）。结论 青年人群脑出血在临床已不是少见病，高血压合并动脉硬化仍然是最主要病因。心脏病史、吸烟史、口服抗凝药史是影响青年患者发生脑出血的最主要危险因素。

Analysis of Clinical Features and Risk Factors of Cerebral Hemorrhage in Youth

Abstract:Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics, risk factors and preventive measures of the onset of acute cerebral hemorrhage in young people.Methods The clinical data of 700 young patients with intracerebral hemorrhage treated in the Department of Neurology,254th Hospital of the Chinese people's Liberation Army from January 2009 to January 2016 were retrospectively analyzed,and the characteristics of the disease and the possible risk factors were analyzed.Results From 2009 to 2016, 700 cases of cerebral hemorrhage occurred in young people,and the proportion of all cerebral apoplexy in the same period was about 21.3% to 35.6%.Hypertension combined with arteriosclerosis is still the main cause of cerebral hemorrhage,accounting for 42.7% (299 cases).The incidence of cerebral hemorrhage in young people is related to the history of diabetes,the history of heart disease,smoking history and the history of oral anticoagulant drugs(P<0.05),but only the history of heart disease, smoking history and oral anticoagulant drugs are independent risk factors(P<0.05).Conclusion Cerebral hemorrhage in young people is not a rare disease in clinic. Hypertension and arteriosclerosis are still the main causes.The history of heart disease,the history of smoking and the history of oral anticoagulant are the most important risk factors affecting the occurrence of cerebral hemorrhage in young patients.