经皮肾镜取石术临床进展

经皮肾镜取石术的历史发展曲折，国内起步较晚，但经过不断的改进与创新，手术成功率和清石率已大为提高。目前经皮肾镜取石术在结石治疗中应用广泛，但应严格掌握适应症和禁忌症。术后主要并发症包括术后出血，术后感染，邻近脏器损伤等，正确认识各自原因和及时准确的处理是治疗这些并发症的关键。

Clinical Progress of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy

The history of percutaneous nephrolithotomy is full of twists and turns and its start in China is later than other countries. With the development of technology, the rates of success and stone clearance increased substantially. Although there are a lot of adaptation diseases and contraindications, percutaneous nephrolithotomy is widely used for urinary stone treatment. The main complications include bleeding, postoperative infection, injury to adjacent organs. It＇s critical for correctly understanding its etiology and timely treatment.