深圳市社区居民艾滋病/性病预防干预效果评价

目的了解深圳市社区居民艾滋病/性病知识、态度和行为状况,评价近年来社区居民艾滋病、性病健康教育远期效果。方法采用整群抽样方法,对深圳市社区的18～69岁居民608人进行健康教育干预前后的2次相同的问卷调查。结果居民相关知识普遍来源于大众传媒;居民对艾滋病/性病知识知晓率随着健康教育次数越多,正确率越高;受教育程度越高,正确率越高。传播途径和预防措施知晓率分别达97.8%和99.1%,艾滋病的损害系统、传播途径、潜伏期和感染者危险行为、诊断方法、安全套的作用、对待艾滋病感染者的态度正确回答率上升具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论通过开展有针对性的多种形式的健康教育,有助于提高社区人群对艾滋病的认知水平,艾滋病/性病相关知识得到普及,健康教育能收到良好效果,但一次教育不足以改变人们的固有观念,应常抓不懈。应把对艾滋病的健康教育和性病及其他疾病的健康教育结合起来;有针对性地和社区卫生服务、学校卫生服务结合起来,把专业知识和大众传媒结合起来,会取得更好的效果。

Effect Evaluation on AIDS/STD Prevention and Intervention in Shenzhen City

OBJECTIVE To investigate the knowledge,attitudes and practice about AIDS/STD among community residents,and to evaluate the far-term effectiveness of health education. METHODS 608 residents ages from 18 to 69 in Shenzhen community by cluster samlpling were investigated before and after the health education using the same questionnaire. RESULT Most of knowledges were obtained by means of public media.The more education times and the higher educational lever,the higher knowledge scores on AIDS/STD .The ratio of knowledge related to transmission route and prevention measure is 97.8% and 99.1%. The ratio of people mastering AIDS knowledeges were obviously increased showing significant difference about the hurt systems and transmission route and delitescence and danger practice and attitude to the HIV infected patients (P<0.05). CONCLUSION By means of pertinency health educations ,it were help of increasing the knowledges related AIDS of people,it was known by people,it was the effective measures to carry out AIDS/STD health education,but the awareness wasn't improved by one time education. It should be unremitting carried out AIDS/STD health education,and to decrease transmission from emphasis persons to common persons.