Protein S deficiency complicated pregnancy in women with recurrent pregnancy loss |
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Authors: | Nanae Shinozaki Yasuhiko Ebina Masashi Deguchi Kenji Tanimura Mayumi Morizane |
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Affiliation: | Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan |
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Abstract: | This prospective study aimed to evaluate pregnancy outcome and complications in women with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) and protein S (PS) deficiency, who received low dose aspirin (LDA) or LDA plus heparin (LDA/H) therapies. Clinical characteristics, pregnancy outcome and complications of 38 women with two or more RPL and?<60% of plasma free PS antigen were compared among three groups: antiphospholipid antibody (aPL)-negative women who received LDA (group A), aPL-negative women who received LDA/H (group B) and aPL-positive women who received LDA/H (group C). Gestational weeks (GW) at delivery in group C (median 32?GW) were earlier than 40?GW in group A and 38.5?GW in group B (p?0.05). The birth weight in group C (median 1794?g) was less than 2855?g in group B (p?0.05). The incidences of fetal growth restriction (37.5%), pregnancy-induced hypertension (37.5%), and preterm delivery (62.5%) in group C were higher than those (4.5%, 0%, and 4.5%, respectively) in group B (p<0.05). Women with RPL, PS deficiency, and positive aPL had high risks for adverse pregnancy outcome and complications, even when they received LDA/H therapy. Among women with RPL, PS, and negative aPL, there was no difference in these risks between LDA alone and LDA/H therapies. |
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Keywords: | Heparin low-dose aspirin protein S deficiency recurrent pregnancy loss |
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