Postoperative AMH reduction is not associated with reduced fecundity two years following ovarian cyst surgery

In a prospective study, we investigated the impact of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) changes following ovarian cyst surgery on the probability to achieve pregnancy and live birth. Women of reproductive age (n?=?60) were included before surgery for benign ovarian cysts. Serum AMH concentrations were determined pre- and postoperative at 6 and 24 months. Information regarding pregnancy wish and attempts to conceive were obtained by a questionnaire. At the time of inclusion, 45/60 women reported desire of children. At six months, the levels of AMH decreased significantly in the whole group and further reduction was observed at two years (from 2.7?μg/L to 2.0?μg/L to 1.1?μg/L, respectively, p< 0.008), with a percentage reduction of 42.9%. At two-year follow-up, 36 women reported to have attempted to conceive and 18 achieved pregnancy (50%), with a live birth rate of 33%. The percentage change in AMH at two years did not differ significantly between the women who conceived versus those who did not (p?=?0.117). Data reported herein demonstrate that the AMH reduction following ovarian cyst surgery is maintained two years after surgery; however, the postoperative AMH decrease that follows ovarian cyst surgery might not reduce the chances to achieve pregnancy.