术中超声在肝癌手术中的应用进展

术中超声是肝脏外科医生唯一可以在手术中应用的实时断面成像技术，可以检出术前影像学（如增强CT、MRI、经腹超声等）不能发现的微小病灶及癌栓，对肿瘤进行精确的定位，判断肿瘤的真实边界、浸润范围、与相邻血管及胆管的关系，同时可以在术中引导完成多种介入性操作（如穿刺活检、置管引流、肿瘤消融等）。随着超声造影、弹性成像、三维超声等新技术的逐步应用，术中超声的应用领域将大大拓展。本研究通过回顾近年来相关文献，对术中超声在肝癌切除手术中的应用新进展作一综述。

Application progress of intraoperative ultrasound in operation of hepatocellular carcinoma

Intraoperative ultrasound is a real-time sectional imaging technique uniquely used in hepatic surgery. It can be used to detect the tiny loci which can not be detected by preoperative imaging means （such as contrast-enhanced computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging or transabdominal ultrasound）, to locate the tumor accurately, to determine the true boundary and invasive extent of tumor, to assess the relationship between the tumor and adjacent vasc.ular or bile duet, and to guide a variety of interventional procedures （such as biopsy, tumor ablation, tube drainage）. With the application of new techniques, such as contrast-enhanced ultrasound, elastography imaging, three-dimensional imaging et al, the application intraoperative ultrasound will be greatly expanded. By reviewing the related literatures in recent years, this paper summarizes the application and advances of intraoperative ultrasound in the resection of hepatocellular carcinoma.