应用颈椎人工椎间盘置换治疗脊髓和神经根型颈椎病

背景：前路减压植骨融合一直是治疗脊髓型颈椎病和神经根型颈椎病的标准术式，但是颈椎前路融合术后相邻节段的应力增加引起继发性退变和由此产生新的症状得到越来越多的学者的重视。人工颈椎间盘置换术为颈椎病的治疗提供了一种新的选择。目的：观察应用BRYAN^＆人工椎间盘系统治疗脊髓型颈椎病和神经根型颈椎病的疗效。设计：自身前后对照实验。单位：宁波市第六医院骨科。对象：选择2003-12／2005-02宁波市第六医院骨科收治的脊髓型颈椎病和神经根型颈椎病患者17例，患者均知情同意参加本实验并经过医学伦理委员会批准。其中脊髓型颈椎病9例，颈椎椎间盘突出8例。BRYAN^＆人工椎间盘系统是一种复合结构型的人工颈椎间盘，由两个钛合金终板外壳与中间承受载荷的以聚亚安酯为基质的聚合体内核相接合而构成。方法：应用BRYAN^＆人工椎间盘系统植入治疗。全部进行了单节段置换。手术节段C3-4 2例，C4-5 5例，C5-6 8例，C6-7 2例。术后1，3，6个月进行X线正侧位和前屈、后伸、左右侧屈动力位片，了解假体的稳定性。神经功能采用日本JOA评分标准评定。主要观察指标：①动力位片了解假体有无移位，周围有无骨桥。②JOA评分了解神经功能恢复情况。结果：①JOA评分Eh术前的平均8．5分提高到15分，神经系统症状均有不同程度改善，平均改善率为75％。所有患者术后1，3，6个月时均获得门诊随访，拍摄颈椎正侧位和过屈过仲侧位X射线片显示颈椎稳定性好，运动功能无明显丢失。未见假体周围异位骨化。②无伤13感染病例。有1例术后3个月发现假体有轻度位移，但不超过2mm，没有明显的症状，其余未见假体磨损、下沉及骨桥形成等和其他排异反应等。生物相容性良好，能进行常规CT及MRI检查。结论：人工颈椎间盘置换术后患者症状改善明显，用于治疗颈椎病效果较好。

Artificial cervical disc replacement for the treatment of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy and myelopathy

BACKGROUND: Anterior cervical decompression and bone graft fusion is always the standard operation type for the treatment of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy and myelopathy. However, secondary degeneration and new symptoms caused by the stress increase of adjacent segments following anterior cervical spinal fusion have been paid more and more attention. Artificial cervical disc replacement provides a new choice for the treatment of cervical syndrome.OBJECTIVE: To observe the therapeutic effect of BRYAN& artificial cervical disc displacement for the treatment of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy and myelopathy.DESIGN: Self-control experiment.SETTING: Department of Orthopaedics, Sixth Hospital of Ningbo.PARTICIPANTS: Seventeen patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy and/or myelopathy admitted to the Department of Orthopaedics, Sixth Hospital of Ningbo were involved between December 2003 and February 2005 were involved in the study. Informed consents were obtained, and all participates were approved by Medical Ethics Committee.There were 9 patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy, and 8 patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy.BRYAN& artificial cervical disc system is an artificial cervical intervertebral disc with composite structure. It is constructed by two titanium alloy end plates and polymer core, which can bear loading and took polyisocyanate as matrix.METHODS: BRYAN& artificial cervical disc system was used in the treatment. All the patients underwent single-segment displacement. Two patients underwent the displacement at C3-4, five at C4-5, 8 at C5-6 and 2 at C6-7. At postoperative 1, 3and 6 months, X-ray lateral position, anteflexion position, posterior extension position, the left and right side dynamic position plains were taken to investigate prosthetic stability. Neurologic function was evaluated according to Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scoring system.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Investigating whether or not prosthesis displaced by means of dynamic position plains.② Investigating the recovery of neurologic function by JOA scoring system.RESULTS: ①JOA average scores were elevated to 15 from preoperative 8.5. Nervous system symptoms had improved to different extents, and the mean improvement rate was 75%. At postoperative 1,3 and 6 months, all the patients were followed up and their X-ray plains of cervical lateral position and flexion-extension position showed good stability,indicating that motor function was not lost obviously. No heterotopic ossification was found around the prothesis. ②Wound infection was not found in any patient. At postoperative 3 months, less than 2 mm slight displacement appeared in the prothesis in one patient, and there were no obvious symptoms. Prothesis abrasion, subsidence, bone bridge formation and other rejections were not found in the other prothesis. Prothesis had good biocompatibility, and could be examined by routine CT and MRI.CONCLUSION: Artificial cervical disc replacement can obviously improve the symptoms of patients, and has good therapeutic effects in the treatment of cervical syndrome.