孕期低水平铅暴露对婴儿生长发育的影响

目的:探讨孕期低水平铅暴露对婴儿生长发育以及社会情感技能发展的影响,早期发现不利因素,开展健康教育,从社会、环境医学角度为培养全面发展的新一代探索更广的途径。方法:对110例母婴进行问卷调查,社会情感技能ASQ:SE婴幼儿社会情感问卷,新生儿神经行为评分,体检。采用原子吸收石墨炉法测定脐血铅水平。前瞻性观察足月新生儿脐血铅与体格发育、神经发育、父母职业、生活方式等指标的等级相关性,开展防铅健康教育。结果:110例新生儿脐血铅中位数(M):18·8μg/L,均数(x):23·84μg/L,标准差(s):20·43;血铅与出生体重、身长、头围相关系数分别为0·142、0·005、0·019,无显著相关性;与情商相关系数为0·827(P<0·01);与父母职业、交通情况相关系数分别为0·106(P<0·05)、0·228(P<0·05)、0·220(P<0·05)、0·228(P<0·05);与母亲被动吸烟、家庭装修相关系数分别为0·224(P<0·05)、0·203(P<0·05)。结论:提示孕期低水平铅暴露新生儿脐血铅水平与父母交通情况、母亲职业、母亲被动吸烟、家庭装修、婴儿日后情商有显著相关性。环境干预、健康教育是防治儿童铅中毒的有效途径。

The effect of low level lead exposure on infant development and emotional ability during pregnancy

Objective:To study the effect of low level lead exposure on infant development and emotional ability for discoving harmful factors and developing healthy education to explore extensive methods for training new generation in enviromental angle.Methods:110 maternity women and infants were selected to answer questionnaire. The blood lead of 110 mature newnorns were measured by the method of atomic absorbing plumbaginous furnace. The correlation between the blood lead and growth, nerve, parents profession,life style and so on were analyzed with two questionnaires NBNA and ASQ:SE. By ASQ:SE the social adaptability of infants was identified to develop a healthy education in order to prevent the lead poisoning of children.Results:The median of umbilic blood lead was 18.8 μg/L, the average was 23.84 μg/L, SD was 20.43 μg/L; the coefficient of blood lead and birth weight, birth height, head girth were 0.142, 0.005, 0.019 respectively, the coefficient of blood lead and EQ was 0.827; the coefficient of blood lead and parents profession, traffic, passivity smoking, fitment were 0.106, 0.228, 0.220, 0.228, 0.224, 0.203 respectively.Conclusion:During pregnancy low level lead exposure can affect the EQ of infants, the correlation of umbilic blood lead and parents traffic, mother profession, passivity smoking about mother, fitment, infant EQ are evidently.The effective approach of preventing lead poisoning among children is healthy education.