人工耳蜗植入患者术后汉语声韵调识别能力临床分析

目的分析人工耳蜗（CI）植入患者术后普通话单音节声母、韵母、声调的识别能力差异，对比单双侧植入和植入时长对单音节识别的影响。方法选取单侧和双侧CI患者共63例，其中男35例，女28例，平均年龄（23.45±16.30）岁，CI植入时长（2.81±2.41）年。使用信度效度经已认证的单音节识别测试材料进行测试，记录每个患者声母、韵母、声调和总体的识别率得分情况。结果共获得70个测试结果：CI患者对声母、韵母和单音节总识别率均低于声调识别率且差异具有统计学意义（P=0.000 3；P=0.000 3；P=0.030 3）。对单音节总识别率超过50%的CI患者，声调识别率相比声母、韵母、单音节识别率显著性增高（P<0.005）。对于总识别率小于50%的患者，虽然声韵母识别率均低于声调识别率，但仅有韵母和声调之间差异具有统计学意义（P=0.018 9）。单双侧CI患者声调识别率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)，患者佩戴时长与单音节识别的相关性较弱。结论CI患者的声调识别效果较单音节以及声母和韵母更具有优势，声调识别会在使用CI一定时间后趋于较高水平。植入侧别对其影响较小。

Clinical analysis of Chinese Mandarin tone recognition capability in patients with cochlear implantation

Abstract:ObjectiveTo analyze the differences between the recognition abilities of compound vowels, initial consonants, and lexical tones for cochlear implants (CI) patients, and to compare the effects of unilateral or bilateral implantation as well as the implantation time on monosyllable recognition.MethodsA total of 63 patients with unilateral and bilateral CI were recruited, including 35 males and 28 females with an average age of 23.45±16.30 and implantation duration of 2.81±2.41 years. All the patients were tested with Chinese Mandarin monosyllable recognition materials. Vowels, consonants, tones and overall recognition scores each patient were recorded.ResultsThe recognition scores vowel, consonant, and monosyllable for CI patients were lower than that of lexical tone and the differences were statistically significant (P=0.000 3; P=0.000 3; P=0.030 3). For CI patients with total recognition score of more than 50% in monosyllable recognition test, the recognition score of tone was significantly higher than those of other components (all P<0.005). For those patients with recognition score of less than 50%, results of consonant and vowel were lower than that of tone, but significant difference was only observed between consonant and tone (P=0.0189). There was no significant difference in tone recognition score of patients with unilateral and bilateral CI. The correlation between implantation time and monosyllable recognition was weak.ConclusionThe recognition of lexical tones for CI patients is better than that of monosyllable, initial consonants and compound vowels,the tore recognition score will maintain a relatively high level in a period of time after implantation. Implantation side and time produce a little effect on tone recognition.