甘肃省不同乙型肝炎疫苗免疫状况人群HBsAg携带率分析

目的了解甘肃省现阶段乙型肝炎(乙肝)病毒(HBV)感染现状,评价乙肝疫苗纳入儿童计划免疫以来的保护效果,探索更好的防控乙肝的策略。方法采用多阶段分层、随机整群抽样的方法,对2 200名1～59岁调查对象进行乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)的检测,并对相关数据进行统计分析。结果调查的2 200人中,HBsAg阳性79人,HBsAg携带率3.59%,较1992年7.52%下降52.26%。有乙肝疫苗免疫接种史1 060人,HBsAg阳性20人(1.89%);无乙肝疫苗免疫接种史947人,HBsAg阳性51人(5.39%);接种不详193人,HBsAg阳性8人(4.15%);不同免疫接种史人群HBsAg携带率之差异具有显著性(P0.001)。在不同年龄组中,1～4岁儿童HBsAg携带率最低,为1.13%(5/442)。在不同年龄、地区、性别、职业分布中,不同免疫状况人群的HBsAg携带率差异有显著性(P0.05)。结论人群HBsAg携带率大幅下降,特别是1～4岁儿童HBsAg携带率较其他年龄组均低,乙肝疫苗纳入儿童计划免疫管理效果显著,建议乙肝疫苗应覆盖到更广泛的人群。

HBsAg carrying rate in the population with different hepatitis B immunization state in Gansu Province

Objective To investigate the current state of hepatitis B infection in population in Gansu Province , evaluate the effect o5 vaccination o5 hepatitis B vaccine, and to find out better prevention strategies. Methods HBsag was detected among 2 200 persons between 1- 59 years old selected with multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method , related data were statistically analysed. Results Among 2 200 persons, 79 were hepatitis B positive, the carrying rate of hepatitis B was 3.59%, which decreased by 52. 26% compared with 7. 52% of 1992. 1 060 persons received hepatitis B vaccination, 20（1.89%） of whom were hepatitis B positive; 947 persons didn＇t receive hepatitis B vaccination, 51 （5.39%） of whom were hepatitis B positive; 193 persons were with unclear hepatitis B vaccination , 8 （4. 15%） of whom were hepatitis B positive; There was significant difference in the carrying rate of hepatitis B among population with different vaccination states （P〈0. 001）. Children between 1 - 4 years old had the lowest carrying rate （1.13%, 5/442）. Among persons with different age, area, gender, and occupation, hepatitis B carrying rate of different immunization state was significantly different （P〈0. 05%）. Conclusion HBsAg carrying rate has declined remarkablely, particularly in children between 1 - 4 years old , the effect of immunization among children is obvious, hepatitis B vaccination should cover more wide range of population.